铜阳极泥预处理富集金银的研究

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)2010年第3期

论文作者：郑雅杰 汪蓓 史建远 孙召明 刘昭成

文章页码：865 - 870

关键词：铜阳极泥；预处理；铜；铅；浸出

Key words：copper anode slime; pretreatment; copper; lead; leaching

摘    要：对铜阳极泥预处理富集金银进行研究。先经硫酸预浸脱铜，当反应温度为353 K，H₂SO₄与Cu的物质的量比n(H₂SO₄):n(Cu)为1.5，液固比为3:1，反应时间为1.5 h时，铜浸出率达到90%；脱铜阳极泥再与碳酸钠进行球磨转化后硝酸浸出脱铅；当球磨时间为3 h，Na₂CO₃与Pb的物质的量比即n(Na₂CO₃):n(Pb)为2.5，液固比为2:1，球料比为8:1，HNO₃与Pb的物质的量比即n(HNO₃):n(Pb)为6.0，浸出时间为0.5 h，浸出温度为296 K时，铅浸出率为69.5%。研究结果表明：经上述预处理后阳极泥金、银含量分别从0.152%和7.81%增加到0.31%和13.7%，阳极泥量减少一半，大大提高了回转窑生产能力，并减少了SO₂的排放量。

Abstract: The pretreatment of copper anode slime for concentrating gold and silver was studied. The leaching rate of copper is 90% after the sulfuric acid leaching when leaching temperature is 353 K, n(H₂SO₄):n(Cu) is 1.5, liquid-solid ratio is 3:1 and reaction time is 1.5 h. Then the decopper anode slime is milled with sodium carbonate and leached by nitric acid solution. The leaching rate of lead is 69.5% when the milling conditions are as follows: milling time is 3 h, n(Na₂CO₃):n(Pb) is 2.5, liquid-solid ratio is 2:1, ball-to-powder mass ratio is 8:1 and the leaching conditions are as follows: n(HNO₃):n(Pb) is 6.0, leaching time is 0.5 h and leaching temperature is 296 K. After the pretreatment process, the results show that the contents of gold and silver increase from 0.152% and 7.81% to 0.31% and 13.7%, respectively. The amount of anode slime is reduced by half, the production capacity of rotary kiln is enhanced greatly and the emission of SO₂ is decreased.

基金信息：2007年广东省教育部产学研重大项目