碳化钨粉末的微观结构与工艺参数的关系
来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)1986年第4期
论文作者:李健纯 吴惕言
文章页码:54 - 61
关键词:微观结构; 微应变; 亚晶尺寸; X射线衍射线形; 富里叶变换
Key words:Microstructure; Microstrain; Domain size; X-ray diffraction profile; Fourier transfomation
摘 要:本研究的主要目的是研究反应温度对碳化钨粉末性能的影响。为此,选用蓝色氧化钨作原料,用氢气还原,还原温度采用900℃和1050℃。用这两种温度还原出来的钨粉再分别在1700℃、1800℃、1900℃和2200℃进行碳化,碳化团块在球磨机中打碎,过筛,得到平均粒度为15μm的粉末,然后对不同工艺得到的8组碳化钨粉进行X射线分析和扫描电镜观察。为分析湿磨对粉末性能的影响,将这8组粉末分别与10%钴粉在酒精溶液中湿磨24小时,并于X射线分析之前,将混合粉末在10%盐酸溶液中煮沸1小时,以去除钴对衍射线形的干扰。X射线衍射标样选用1050℃还原2200℃碳化的碳化钨粉。为研究碳化钨粉末的断口形貌,将碳化后的碳化钨粉单独球磨1小时,制成扫描电镜试样。 X射线分析时,采用CuKα辐射和石墨晶体单色器,实验前用标准硅试样对衍射仪进行校准。相干散射区和微观应变是根据Stockes方法计算的。由标准试样和被测试样的衍射线形,分离出合成的物理加宽线形的Fourier系数AL,再根据B.E.Warren和B.L.Averbach提出的分离晶格畸变和晶块细化效应的分析方法,将合成的Fourier系数AL分离为晶块碎化的Fourier系数ALS和晶格应变效应Fourier系数ALD,即AL(hkl)=ALS·ALD(hkl)。应变系数ALD与微观应变<ε2L>1/2的关系为:ALD=exp[-2π2·εL2·L2Σhi2/a2],其中Σh1=4(h2+hk+k2)/3+(a/c)2·L2。L为垂直衍射面方向相干散射区的长度;a,c为六方晶体的点阵常数.平均有效亚晶尺寸De由(dALS/dL)L→0=-1/De求出。制作形貌相观察的试样时,用酒精将粉末充份分散在试样台上,在粉末上喷镀金膜以增强导电性。
Abstract: X-ray diffraction profiles were obtained from eight process variants of tungsten carbide(WC) powders in both the unmilled and heavily milled conditions. From these X-ray profiles,coherent domain size and microstrain were determined. This study indicated that the degrecof crystalline imperfections in the unmilled WC powder decreased with increasing the reactiontemperatures,i. e. the reduction and carburization temperatures, with the reduction temperaturebeing dominant. Additionally, the morphology of the WC particles was examined using SEM.The particle morphology evaluated by SEM and the degree of crystalline imperfection obtainedby X-ray profiles analysis are in good agreement. The fracture characteristics of theas-received WC powder are closely related to perfection of the powder.