珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷珠江组泥岩元素地球化学组成及意义

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第7期

论文作者:焦鹏 郭建华 张向涛 张琳婷 王张虎

文章页码:2347 - 2357

关键词:珠江口盆地;陆丰凹陷;珠江组;元素地球化学;沉积环境;物源分析;古气候

Key words:Pearl River Mouth Basin; Lufeng depression; Zhujiang formation; element geochemistry; sedimentary environments; provenance analysis; paleoclimate

摘    要:在珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷,选择5口井19件珠江组泥岩样品,分析元素(包括常量、微量和稀土)地球化学组成,并在此基础上,结合区域地质背景,探讨地质意义,主要是该沉积时期的沉积环境、物源区性质、构造背景及物源区的风化特征。研究结果表明:研究区泥岩的Al2O3,K2O,MgO,SiO2与PAAS的质量分数相近,富集Na2O和CaO,贫MnO和P2O5。不相容元素Th质量分数较高,指示物源区供应的中酸性碎屑组分较多,高强场元素Sr的平均质量分数接近于后太古宙页岩(PAAS)质量分数平均值而远低于大陆上地壳(UCC)质量分数平均值; Ta的平均质量分数介于UCC和PAAS的之间, 而Hf的平均质量分数比UCC的低,比PAAS的高;w(∑LREE)/w(∑HREE)和[w(La)/w(Yb)]N均值分别为8.89和10.16,轻重稀土分异明显;陆丰凹陷早中新世属于潮湿气候下的海陆过渡沉积,总体处于弱氧化-还原、半咸水沉积环境,西北部和中部沉积水体较深,东北部次深,东南部较浅,而东北部和东南部的水体盐度要比西北部和中部的水体盐度高。珠江组源岩主要为来源于上地壳的长英质岩石,西北部源区的构造背景具有类似活动大陆边缘的特征,东北部源区的构造背景具有类似被动大陆边缘的特征,东南部源区的构造背景具有类似岛弧的特征,中部为东北部和西北部物源交汇区。利用指数CIA指数和ICV揭示出东沙隆起、华南沿海气候条件相似(温暖、湿润),其中西北部源区经历的化学风化作用最强,东南部次之,东北部最弱。

Abstract: According to regional geological background, the geological significance mainly including the sedimentary environment, provenance attribute, tectonic setting and weathering of provenance were investigated based on the geographical and chemical formation of elements including the major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements analysis of 5 wells with 19 Zhujiang mudstone samples collected from the Lufeng depression, Pearl River Mouth Basin. The results show that the mass fraction of Al2O3,K2O,MgO and SiO2 is similar to that of PAAS of the mudstone in the research areas, with the enriched Na2O and CaO, lacking of MnO and P2O5. The mass fraction of the incompatible elements The is higher and the acidic clastic components supplied in the indicating source area are more. The average mass fraction of the high field-strength element (HFSE) Sr is close to that of the post archean shale (PAAS),but is much lower than that of the upper continental crust(UCC).The average mass fraction of Ta is between that of UCC and PAAS, nevertheless, the average mass fraction of Hf is lower than that of UCC and higher than that of PAAS. The ratio of mass fraction of ∑LREE to ∑HREE (8.89) and that La to Yb (10.16) suggests a distinct difference between LREE and HREE. Lufeng depression is marine-continental transition depositional sediment which is formed in humid climate, and its paleo-environment is under weak oxidation-education and brackish half-salt water condition. The sedimentary water during Early Miocene in the northwest and central is relatively deep, while that in the northeast is less deep and that in southeast is comparatively shallow. The water salinity in the southeast and northeast is higher than that in the northwest and central part. The parental rocks of Zhujiang formation are mainly supracrustal felsic rocks, the tectonic background of active continental margin in northwest, the tectonic background of passive continental margin in northeast, the tectonic background of arc in southeast, and the provenance in central part is an intersectional area of the ones in northeast and northwest. Chemical index of alteration (CIA) and index chemical variation (ICV) reveal that the climatic conditions of the Dongsha Massif and coastal region of South China in early Miocene are similar (warm and humid),and the order of the chemical intensity of the source areas is in the northwest, southeast and northeast.

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