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Table 1 Nominal compositions of designed Au-Pt-Sn alloys
2 ½á¹ûÓëÌÖÂÛ
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ͼ1 ºÏ½ð1 Au16Pt69Sn15µÄÏÔ΢×éÖ¯
Fig. 1 Microstructure of Au16Pt69Sn15 alloy at different magnifications
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Table 2 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of each spot marked in Fig.1(c)
ͼ2 ºÏ½ð1µÄXRDÆ×
Fig. 2 XRD pattern of alloy 1 (Au16Pt69Sn15)
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ͼ7ºÍ8Ëùʾ·Ö±ðΪºÏ½ð2(Au16Pt42Sn42)µÄµç×Ó̽ÕëÏÔ΢×éÖ¯ºÍXRDÆס£·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬ºÏ½ð3µÄÎïÏà×é³ÉÓëºÏ½ð2µÄ»ù±¾Ò»Ö£¬Ö»ÊǺϽð3ÖлÒÉ«Pt3SnÏàµÄÁ¿´ó´ó¼õÉÙ£¬Óɸ»Pt¹ÌÈÜÌåÈ¡¶ø´úÖ®£¬ºÚÉ«¿ÅÁ£ÎªPtSnÏ࣬µ÷·ù·Ö½â¸»AuÓ븻Pt¹ÌÈÜÌåͬʱ´æÔÚ£¬ÔÚ¸»AuÇøÓò£¬»¹ÓÐÐÂÏàAu5SnÉú³É¡£½áºÏͼ8¡¢Í¼9ºÍ±í4·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬µ÷·ù·Ö½âºÏ½ð¾ßÓÐÁ½Öֽṹ£¬¿ÉÒÔÍƲ⣬ºÏ½ð3ÑùÆ·ÐγÉÁËÁ½ÖֽṹÀàÐ͵ĵ÷·ù·Ö½âºÏ½ð£¬°üÀ¨Á˺Ͻð1Óë2µÄµ÷·ù·Ö½âºÏ½ðÀàÐÍ¡£ÕýÒòΪÁ½Öֽṹµ÷·ù·Ö½âºÏ½ðµÄ¹²Í¬´æÔÚ£¬ËùÒÔXRDÑÜÉä·ÖÎö²Å¼ì²â³öºÏ½ð¾ßÓÐAuºÍPtÁ½ÖֽṹµÄÎïÏà´æÔÚ¡£Õâ¸öʵÑé½á¹û˵Ã÷£¬ÔÚ Au-Pt-Sn ÈýÔªºÏ½ðÌåϵÖУ¬ÔÚ700 ¡æµÈνØÃæ´æÔÚ1¸ö°üº¬PtSn+FCC-A1+ Au5SnµÄÈýÏàÇø¡£
ͼ3 ºÏ½ð1µÄÏÔ΢×éÖ¯¼°EPMAÔªËØÃæ·Ö²¼·ÖÎö
Fig. 3 Microstructures of alloy 1 and EPMA mapping distributions of elements in alloy 1 (Au16Pt69Sn15)
ͼ4 ºÏ½ð2(Au16Pt54Sn30)µÄÏÔ΢×éÖ¯
Fig. 4 Microstructures of alloy 2 (Au16Pt54Sn30) at different magnifications
±í3 ͼ4(c)Öи÷µãµÄEMPA·ÖÎö½á¹û
Table 3 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of each spot marked in Fig.4(c)
ͼ5 ºÏ½ð2µÄXRDÆ×
Fig. 5 XRD pattern of alloy 2 (Au16Pt54Sn30)
ͼ6 ºÏ½ð2µÄÏÔ΢×éÖ¯¼°EPMAÔªËØÃæ·Ö²¼·ÖÎö
Fig. 6 Microstructures and EPMA mapping distributions of element of alloy 2 (Au16Pt54Sn30)
ͼ10ËùʾΪºÏ½ð4(Au16Pt30Sn54)µÄµç×Ó̽ÕëÏÔ΢×éÖ¯ÕÕƬ¡£ºÏ½ð4Ϊ¸»ÎýÇøºÏ½ð£¬ÇÒÔÚ700 ¡æʱ£¬ÓÐÒºÏà´æÔÚ£¬»ÒÉ«ÇòÐοÅÁ£ÖÜΧµÄÖ¦¾§Ïà¾ÍÊÇ´ÓÒºÏàÖÐÎö³öµÄÎïÏà¡£¸ù¾Ý±í6¡¢7¡¢8µÄEPMA³É·Ö·ÖÎö½á¹û£¬»ÒÉ«ÇòÐÎÏàΪPtSnÖйÌÈÜÁËÉÙÁ¿AuÐγɵÄPt47.5Sn47.5Au5ÈýÔªºÏ½ðÏ࣬½áºÏͼ11ÖеÄXRD·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬¸ÃÈýÔªºÏ½ðÏàµÄ½á¹¹ÓëPtSnÏàͬ£»ÇòÐÎÏàÖÜΧµÄϸС֦¾§Ïà½Ï¸´ÔÓ£¬ÆäÖа×É«Ö¦¾§ÖеĻҺÚÉ«ÎïÏàΪPt2Sn3£¬ÆäÖл¹ÓÐÉÙÁ¿µÄAu¹ÌÈÜ£»°×É«Ö¦¾§ºÍÆäÖÐÑÕÉ«½ÏdzµÄ»Ò°×É«×éÖ¯ÎïÏàΪҺÏàÇø£¬³É·ÖÊÇAu47.5Sn47.5Pt5£¬ÓÉXRD·ÖÎö¿ÉÖªÆä½á¹¹ÓëAuSnÏàͬ£»¶ø°×É«Ö¦¾§ÖÜΧºÚ»ÒÉ«ÎïÏàÒ²ÊÇÒºÏàÇø£¬³É·ÖÊÇAu35.05Sn64.95£¬ÓÉXRD·ÖÎö¿ÉÖªÆä½á¹¹ÓëAuSn2Ïàͬ¡£ÓÉÑùÆ·4µÄXRDÆ×»¹¿ÉÒÔ¿´³ö£¬×îÇ¿·åµÄ³öÏÖÊÇÒòΪºÏ½ðPt47.5Sn47.5Au5µÄÇòÐοÅÁ£½Ï´ó£¬ÊýÁ¿½Ï¶àÇÒÅÅÁоßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄÈ¡ÏòÐÔ£¬ËùÒÔ²ÅÓÐ×îÇ¿·åµÄ³öÏÖ¡£½øÒ»²½ÓÉͼ12ºÏ½ðÔªËصÄÃæ·Ö²¼Í¼ÉîÈë·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬»ÒÉ«ÇòÐÎÎïÏàÖÜΧÖ÷ÒªÊÇAuÔªËغÍSnÔªËصĸ»¼¯Çø£¬ÇÒΪҺÏàÇø£¬ÓÉÓÚÍË»ðζȽϸߣ¬ÍË»ðʱ¼ä½Ï³¤£¬µ¼ÖÂÒºÏàÇøÉú³ÉÁËÁ½ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄAu-SnºÏ½ðÏà¡£ÓÉ´Ë¿ÉÒԵóö½áÂÛ£¬ÔÚ Au-Pt-Sn ÈýÔªºÏ½ðÌåϵÖУ¬ÔÚ700 ¡æµÈνØÃæ´æÔÚ1¸ö°üº¬PtSn+ Pt2Sn3+ÒºÏàµÄÈýÏàÇø¡£
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Fig. 7 Microstructures of alloy 3 (Au16Pt42Sn42) alloy at different magnifications
±í4 ͼ7(c)¸÷µãµÄEMPA·ÖÎö½á¹û
Table 4 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of each spot marked in Fig.7(c)
±í5 ͼ7(d)µã1µÄEMPA·ÖÎö½á¹û
Table 5 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of spot 1 marked in Fig.7(d)
ͼ13ºÍ14ËùʾΪºÏ½ð5(Au16Pt20Sn64)µÄµç×Ó̽ÕëÏÔ΢×éÖ¯ÕÕƬ¼°ÆäXRDÆס£Í¬Ñù£¬ºÏ½ð5ÔÚ700 ¡æʱҲÓÐÒºÏà´æÔÚ¡£Í¼13ºÍ±í9¡¢±í10·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬ºÏ½ðÊÔÑùÓÉAuSn¡¢Pt2Sn3¡¢AuSn2ºÍAuSn4ËÄÏà×é³É£»Í¼ 15(a)µÄµç×ÓÕÕƬÖУ¬»ÒÉ«ÇòÐÎÎïÏàΪPt2Sn3£¬»ÒÉ«»ùÌåºÍÕë×´ÎïÏàΪAuSn2£¬ºÚÉ«ÎïÏà³É·ÖΪAu24.5Sn75.5£¬¾Í¼14½øÒ»²½È·ÈÏΪ¸ÃÏàΪAuSn4£»°×ɫС¿ÅÁ£ÎªAuSn¡£½øÒ»²½ÓÉͼ15ºÏ½ðÔªËصÄÃæ·Ö²¼Í¼ÉîÈë·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬»ÒÉ«ÇòÐÎÎïÏàÖÜΧÖ÷ÒªÊÇAuÔªËغÍSnÔªËصĸ»¼¯Çø£¬ÇÒΪҺÏàÇø£¬ÓÉÓÚÍË»ðζȽϸߣ¬ÍË»ðʱ¼ä½Ï³¤£¬µ¼ÖÂÒºÏàÇøÉú³ÉÁË3ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄAu-SnºÏ½ðÏà¡£Õâ¸öʵÑé½á¹û˵Ã÷£¬ÔÚ Au-Pt-Sn ÈýÔªºÏ½ðÌåϵ¸»SnÇø£¬700 ¡æµÈνØÃæ´æÔÚ1¸ö°üº¬Pt2Sn3+ÒºÏàµÄÁ½ÏàÇø¡£
ͼ8 ºÏ½ð3µÄXRDÆ×
Fig. 8 XRD pattern of alloy 3 (Au16Pt42Sn42)
ͼ9 ºÏ½ð3µÄÏÔ΢×éÖ¯ºÍEPMAÔªËØ·Ö²¼Ãæ·ÖÎö
Fig. 9 Microstructures and EPMA mapping distributions of element of alloy 3 (Au16Pt42Sn42)
ͼ10 ºÏ½ð4µÄÏÔ΢×éÖ¯
Fig. 10 Microstructures of alloy 4 at different magnifications
±í6 ͼ10(b)Öи÷µãµÄEMPA·ÖÎö½á¹û
Table 6 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of each spot marked in Fig.10(b)
±í7 ͼ10(c)Öи÷µãµÄEMPA·ÖÎö½á¹û
Table 7 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of each spot marked in Fig.10(c)
ͨ¹ýÒÔÉÏ5¸öºÏ½ðÑùÆ·µÄ×éÖ¯·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬ÑùÆ·ºÏ½ð1~3µÄ×éÖ¯·Ö²¼½Ï¾ùÔÈ£¬ÇÒ3¸öºÏ½ðÑùÆ·µÄ»ùµ×Ï඼ÊÇÇ¿¶È½Ï¸ßµÄAu-PtºÏ½ðµ÷·ù·Ö½âÏ࣬ËùÒԺϽð1~3µÄÇ¿¶ÈºÍÓ²¶È½Ï¸ß¡£¶øºÏ½ð4ºÍ5µÄ×éÖ¯·Ö²¼²»¾ùÔÈ£¬ÇÒ»ùµ××éÖ¯´ó¶¼ÊÇÇ¿¶ÈºÍÓ²¶È½ÏµÍµÄAu-SnºÏ½ðÏ࣬ËùÒԺϽð4ºÍ5µÄÇ¿¶ÈºÍÓ²¶È¾ù½ÏµÍ¡£¸ù¾ÝÒÔÉÏʵÑéµÄÊý¾ÝºÍÒÑÓеÄAu-Pt-SnÌåϵÈÈÁ¦Ñ§Êý¾Ý[17-18]£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔ»æÖƳö Au-Pt-SnÈýԪϵ 700 ¡æµÈνØÃæÏàͼ£¬Èçͼ16Ëùʾ¡£Í¼16ÖоØÐÎ(¡ö)±íʾÈýÏàÇøÓò¡£
±í8 ͼ10(d)µã1µÄEMPA·ÖÎö½á¹û
Table 8 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of spot 1 marked in Fig.10(d)
ͼ11 ºÏ½ð4µÄXRDÆ×
Fig. 11 XRD pattern of alloy 4 (Au16Pt30Sn54)
ͼ12 ºÏ½ð4µÄEPMAÔªËØ·Ö²¼Ãæ·ÖÎö
Fig. 12 EPMA mapping of elements of alloy 4 (Au16Pt30Sn54)
ͼ13 ºÏ½ð5µÄÏÔ΢×éÖ¯
Fig. 13 Microstructures of alloys at different magnifications
±í9 ͼ13(c)Öи÷µãµÄEMPA·ÖÎö½á¹û
Table 9 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of each spot marked in Fig.13(c)
±í10 ͼ13(d)Öи÷µãµÄEMPA·ÖÎö½á¹û
Table 10 EPMA elemental analysis and possible phase of each spot marked in Fig.13(d)
ͼ14 ºÏ½ð5µÄXRDÆ×
Fig. 14 XRD pattern of alloy 5 (Au16Pt20Sn64)
3 ½áÂÛ
1) ÔÚ700 ¡æ£¬Au-Pt-SnÈýԪϵÓÉ3¸öµ¥ÏàÇø¡¢7¸öÁ½ÏàÇøºÍ 6¸öÈýÏàÇø×é³É¡£6¸öÈýÏàÇø·Ö±ðΪPt3Sn+FCC-A1+PtSn¡¢PtSn+FCC-A1+Au5Sn¡¢PtSn+ Pt3Sn+Au5Sn¡¢Pt3Sn+FCC-A1+Au5Sn¡¢PtSn+Pt2Sn3+ÒºÏ࣬PtSn+FCC-A1+ÒºÏà¡£
ͼ15 ºÏ½ð5µÄÏÔ΢×éÖ¯ºÍEPMAÔªËØ·Ö²¼Ãæ·ÖÎö
Fig. 15 Microstructures and EPMA mapping of elements of alloy 5 (Au16Pt20Sn64)
ͼ16 Au-Pt-Sn ÈýԪϵ 700 ¡æµÈνØÃæ
Fig. 16 Isothermal section of Au-Pt-Sn system at 700 ¡æ
2) ÓÉÓÚPt-SnºÏ½ðÏàµÄÈÛµã½ÏAu-SnºÏ½ðÏà¸ß£¬ËùÒÔÔÚ700 ¡æµÈνØÃ棬´ó¶¼Ö»´æÔÚPt-SnºÏ½ðÏ࣬ÇÒËæ×ÅSnº¬Á¿µÄÔö¼Ó£¬µ÷·ù·Ö½âAu-PtºÏ½ð¹ÌÈÜÌåÖð½¥Ïûʧ£¬ÔںϽð4 ºÍ5ÖÐÍêÈ«Ïûʧ¡£ºÏ½ð1~3ÓÉÓÚ´æÔÚµ÷·ù·Ö½âÏ࣬×éÖ¯·Ö²¼½Ï¾ùÔÈ£¬ºÏ½ðÇ¿¶ÈºÍÓ²¶ÈÃ÷ÏԱȺϽð4ºÍ5µÄ¸ß¡£
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Isothermal section of Au-Pt-Sn ternary system at 700 ¡æ
HU Jie-qiong1, 2, XIE Ming1, 2, CHEN Song1, 2, CHEN Yong-tai1, 2, WANG Song2, WANG Sai-bei1, 2
(1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
2. Kunming Institute of Precious Metals, Kunming 650106, China)
Abstract: The isothermal section of the Au-Pt-Sn ternary system at 700 ¡æ was investigated by X-ray diffractometer and electron probe microanalyzer. The results show that the isothermal section of the Au-Pt-Sn ternary system at 700 ¡æ is composed of three single-phase regions, seven two-phase regions and six three-phase regions. The six three-phase regions including Pt3Sn+FCC-A1+PtSn, PtSn+FCC-A1+Au5Sn, PtSn+Pt3Sn+Au5Sn, Pt3Sn+FCC-A1+Au5Sn, PtSn+Pt2Sn3+Liquid, PtSn+FCC-A1+Liquid. The spinodal decomposition reaction of Au-Pt alloy exists in the Au-Pt-Sn system. With decreasing Pt content, the spinodal decomposition phase in the alloy gradually disappears, and it completely disappears in Au16Pt30Sn54 and Au16Pt20Sn64 samples. Because the melting point of Pt-Sn alloy phase is higher than that of Au-Sn alloy, most of phases in 700 ¡æ isothermal section are Pt-Sn alloy, while Au-Sn alloy phase mainly exists in liquid phase. The microstructures distribution of Au16Pt69Sn15, Au16Pt54Sn30 and Au16Pt42Sn42 alloy are more uniform and the strengths of the alloy are higher than that of Au16Pt30Sn54 and Au16Pt20Sn64 alloy because of the existence of spinodal decomposition phase.
Key words: Au-Pt-Sn system; phase diagram; isothermal section; microstructure; phase equilibrium; spinodal decomposition
Foundation item: Projects (2017YFB0305700) supported by the National Key R&D Program of China; Projects (U1602275, U1602271) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Projects (2018ZE011, 2018ZE012, 2018ZE022, 2018ZE026) supported by the Major Science and Technology Projects of Yunnan Province, China; Projects (2018FB088, 2017FB144) supported by the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province, China
Received date: 2018-01-16; Accepted date: 2018-05-10
Corresponding author: XIE Ming; Tel: +86-871-68328841; E-mail: powder@ipm.com.cn
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