铝/钢异种金属电弧熔钎焊焊接接头的腐蚀性能

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2016年第4期

论文作者:顾玉芬 李杰 石玗 黄健康 樊丁

文章页码:758 - 766

关键词:铝/钢熔钎焊;电偶腐蚀;金属间化合物;富锌区

Key words:aluminum-steel welding-brazing; galvanic corrosion; intermetallic compounds; zinc-rich zone

摘    要:采用脉冲旁路耦合电弧MIG熔钎焊方法用4043铝合金焊丝对1060铝合金/镀锌钢异种金属进行搭接焊;350 ℃下对铝/钢焊接接头进行退火处理,通过面扫描对退火前后焊接接头焊缝中合金元素的分布进行对比分析,用浸泡法和电化学法对退火前后焊接接头的腐蚀行为进行研究,分析焊接接头不同区域的腐蚀行为及退火热处理对焊接接头腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:焊接接头退火热处理后,其焊缝中的合金元素Si发生均匀化扩散,同时,富锌区界面反应层的金属间化合物Fe2Al5Zn0.4明显变厚;腐蚀试验表明铝/钢熔钎焊焊接接头发生电偶腐蚀,其钢侧被严重腐蚀,而焊缝侧仅发生轻微的腐蚀,界面反应层金属间化合物的存在对接头的腐蚀性能是不利的;除此之外还发现焊接接头富锌区的腐蚀电位较低,最易发生腐蚀;在此基础上通过面扫描对富锌区的腐蚀行为进行进一步的分析。

Abstract: The dissimilar metals of 1060 aluminum alloy and galvanized steel were joined with lap joint by pulsed double electrode gas metal arc welding-brazing with 4043 aluminum filler metal. The welding joints of aluminum and steel were then annealed at 350 ℃. The distribution of alloy elements in the welding joint different zones before and after annealing treatment was analyzed by map scanning, and the corrosion behavior of the welding joints was investigated by immersion corrosion tests and electrochemical corrosion tests, the corrosion behavior of the welding joints different zones and the effects of annealing treatment on corrosion property of welding joint were analyzed. The results show that the homogenization diffusion of Si elements in weld seam occurs after annealing treatment, meanwhile, the thickness of Fe2Al5Zn0.4 of zinc-rich zone increases significantly. In addition, the galvanic corrosion occurs when the samples are immersed in corrosive media, the whole steel of welding joint is corroded drastically and displays a homogeneous corrosion, however, the dissolution of weld seam is slight. The intermetallic phases at the interface reduces the corrosion property of welding joints. Further, the results indicate that zinc-rich zone of weld joints is most prone to corrosion. The corrosion behavior of zinc-rich zone was analyzed by map scanning on the basis of the test results.

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