考虑岩体完整程度影响的爆破破裂范围

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第6期

论文作者:谢福君 张家生 陈俊桦

文章页码:1403 - 1411

关键词:岩石;爆破;损伤力学;岩体完整性系数;纵波波速

Key words:rock; blasting; damage mechanics; integrity index of rock mass; longitudinal wave velocity

摘    要:根据岩石爆破损伤理论,在现场开展单孔爆破试验和钻孔超声波波速试验。通过钻孔超声波波速试验测量爆破前后岩体中纵波波速的变化,并根据与岩体完整程度相关的爆破破裂判据得到不同完整程度的岩体爆破破裂范围。由于该判据与爆破前岩体完整性系数、爆破前后岩体纵波波速等参数相关,因此,根据试验结果可以定量分析岩体爆破破裂范围随岩体完整性系数的变化规律,从而定量分析考虑岩体完整程度对爆破破裂范围的影响。研究结果表明:岩体爆破破裂范围与岩体完整性系数之间的相关性良好;当爆破参数相同时,随着岩体完整性系数减小,最大爆破破裂半径和孔底最大破裂深度这2个爆破破裂范围参数均显著增大;所给出的爆破破裂判据和岩体爆破破裂评价方法简单、实用,可用于考虑岩体完整程度影响的围岩爆破安全稳定性评价。

Abstract: Based on the damage mechanics of rock blasting, single-hole blasting tests and ultrasonic tests of wave velocity were carried out in field. The ultrasonic tests were conducted in borehole of rock mass to obtain the longitudinal wave velocity in surrounding rock before and after field tests of blasting. The blasting-induced fracture zone in rock mass was measured according to the blasting-induced fracture criterion which was related to the integrity of rock mass or the integrity of rock mass. As the criterion depends on the integrity index of rock mass and the decline of longitudinal wave velocity in rock mass before and after blasting, the influences of integrity of rock mass on blasting-induced fracture zone were considered through quantifying the changes of blasting-induced fracture zone with the integrity index of rock mass.The results show that there is significant relationship between the integrity of rock mass and the blasting-induced fracture zone. When the blasting parameters are the same, the blasting-induced fracture zone parameters including the maximum fracture radius and the maximum fracture depth under the blast hole increase remarkably with the increase of the integrity index of rock mass. The presented criterion for determining blasting-induced fracture and the method for estimating the blasting-induced fracture zone can be applied effectively to the actual project, and it can provide references for the evaluation of safety and stability of surrounding rock during blasting excavation in the actual project where the integrity of rock mass is considered.

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