泡沫在裂缝中流动特征的物理模拟

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第9期

论文作者:李宾飞 李兆敏 吕其超 张红松 张昀

文章页码:2465 - 2474

关键词:泡沫;裂缝;流动特征;气液比;流速;粗糙度

Key words:foam; fracture; flowing characteristics; gas-liquid ratio; flow rate; roughness

摘    要:针对泡沫流体的流动特性,设计岩石裂缝模型和可视化裂缝模型,研究泡沫在裂缝中的流动特征并与气液两相流进行对比。研究结果表明:在可视化裂缝模型中,当气液比升高时,气液两相流容易形成气窜带,引起两相流整体流动性增强,而泡沫运移的阻力则出现升高;当流速升高时,气液两相流压力梯度呈现线性增大,而在泡沫中,低速阶段压力梯度增幅较小,高速阶段压力增幅梯度相对增大;裂缝的粗糙度会改变泡沫的微观结构进而影响泡沫的流动特征。在岩石裂缝模型中,当气液比较低时,气液两相流的流动阻力随气液比的增大而升高。当气液比大于2.5后,不同流速下气液两相流的压力梯度均开始随气液比的增高而下降,在不同气液比下泡沫的压力梯度要比两相流的高,不同的注入速度下的泡沫流动的压力梯度均随气液比的增大而升高;当注入速度增大时,两相流及泡沫的流动的压力梯度均基本呈现线性升高。

Abstract: Rock and visual fracture models were designed based on the properties of foam flow, and foam flow behaviors in the fractures were studied and compared with gas-liquid two-phase flow behaviors. The results show that in the PMMA fracture, when the gas liquid ratio is increased, the gas-liquid two-phase flow can easily form gas channeling zone and thus enhances its mobility. On the contrary, the flow resistance of foam in fracture increases with gas liquid ratio rising. When the flow rate is increased, the pressure gradient of gas-liquid two-phase flow rises linearly. For foam flow, the pressure gradient in low-speed region is smaller than that in high-speed region. The microstructure of foam is changed by the fracture roughness, which in turn affects foam flow behavior. In rock fracture model, when gas-liquid ratio is relatively low, the flow resistance of gas-liquid two-phase flow rises with the gas-liquid ratio increasing. When gas and liquid ratio is above 2.5, the pressure gradient of gas-liquid two-phase flow decreased with the gas-liquid ratio increasing. The pressure gradients of foam flow under different gas-liquid ratio are higher than that of two-phase flow. The pressure gradients of foam flow under different injection rates always rise with the increase of gas-liquid ratio. When the injection rate is increased, the pressure gradients of the two-phase flow and foam flow rise linearly.

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