淬火、预拉伸对铝锂合金板材残余应力的影响

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报优先出版20210825

论文作者:杨胜利 刘乐乐 李亚楠 沈健

文章页码:214 - 224

关键词:铝锂合金;淬火;预拉伸;残余应力;有限元

Key words:Al-Li alloy; quencing; pre-strenching; residual stress; finite element method

摘    要:结合钻孔法应力测试和有限元模型构建,研究了淬火介质参数、预拉伸对铝锂合金板材淬火残余应力分布与演变的影响。结果表明:淬火介质冷却速率越慢,板材残余应力越小,不同淬火介质的冷却能力为:10%NaCl>水>5%PAG。随预拉伸量的增加,板材表层压应力减小,并逐渐转变为拉应力,预变形量为2.5%时,淬火残余应力绝对值稳定在25 MPa内。有限元点追踪表明,40 ℃水温淬火过程,板材体中心点(A)和上表面中心(B)三个方向残余应力变化规律相反,最终均呈平面应力状态;而板材宽向线中心(C)和长向线中心(D)演变规律相似,但分应力的方向不同;板材顶点(E)三个方向残余应力均较小。

Abstract: The influence of quenching medium parameters and pre-strenching on the distribution and evolution of residual stress in Al-Li alloy plate was studied by combining the stress test of drilling method and finite element model. The results show that the slower the cooling rate of quenching medium is, the smaller the residual stress is. The cooling capacity of different quenchants is: 10% NaCl>water>5% PAG. With the increase of pre-strenching amount, the compressive stress on the surface of the plate decreases and gradually changes into tensile stress. When the pre-strenching amount is 2.5%, the absolute value of quenching residual stress is stable within 25 MPa. The finite element point tracing shows that during the quenching process at 40 ℃, the variation of residual stress in the three directions of the center (A) and the center (B) of the upper surface of the plate is opposite, and all of them are in the plane stress state; while the evolution of the center (C) and the center (D) of the wide line of the plate are similar, but the direction of the partial stress is different; the residual stress in the three directions of the top (E) of the plate is smaller.

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