基于文丘里管原理式叶片的离心泵空化特性研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2021年第5期

论文作者:赵伟国 路佳佳 赵富荣 李清华

文章页码:1692 - 1702

关键词:离心泵;空化抑制;文丘里管;数值模拟

Key words:centrifugal pump; cavitation suppression; Venturi; numerical simulation

摘    要:为提高低比转速离心泵的空化性能,根据文丘里管原理设计一种能够对离心泵内空化发展过程达到抑制作用的特殊结构叶片,并探究文丘里管喉部几何参数对离心泵内空化发展过程的影响。研究过程中,选择修正的SST k-ω湍流模型和Kubota空化模型进行数值模拟,并通过实验方法验证数值模拟的可靠性。研究结果表明:当叶轮内空化状态处于弱空化阶段,喉部宽度为叶片轴向宽度的0.3倍和0.5倍时,此结构对叶轮内空化的抑制效果明显,空泡体积分数最多可下降60.1%;当叶轮内空化状态发展到剧烈空化状态时,喉部宽度与轴向宽度相等时的抑制效果明显,空泡体积分数最多可下降59.7%。

Abstract: In order to improve the cavitation performance of low specific speed centrifugal pumps, the blade which can restrain the cavitation development process in centrifugal pumps was designed according to the principle of Venturi tube, and the influence of throat geometric parameters of Venturi tube on the cavitation development in centrifugal pumps was investigated. The modified shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model combined with Kubota cavitation model was employed to simulate flow in the pump, and the reliability of numerical simulation was verified by experimental method. The results show that in the weak cavitation stage, when the throat width is 0.3 times and 0.5 times of the axial width of the blade, the suppress effect on the cavitation in the impeller is the most obvious, and the cavitation volume fraction can be reduced by 60.1%. However, in the severe cavitation stage, the suppress effect is the most obvious when the throat width is equal to the axial width, and the cavitation volume fraction can be reduced by 59.7%.

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