岩溶隧道突水突泥防突评判方法及其工程应用

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第10期

论文作者:许振浩 黄鑫 林鹏 李术才 潘东东 高斌 李召峰

文章页码:2533 - 2545

关键词:岩溶隧道;突水突泥;防突结构;防突厚度;防突评判方法

Key words:karst tunnels; water and mud inrush; prevention structure; prevention thickness; assessment method

摘    要:为实现对岩溶隧道安全性的快速评价,采用统计与理论分析相结合的方法,针对岩溶隧道突水突泥灾害的灾害源和防突结构,选取水动力条件、不良地质、防突厚度及围岩特征这4个方面因素,建立一种适用于工程现场的突水突泥快速判识方法即岩溶隧道突水突泥防突评判方法(PSAM法),构建突水突泥防突评判影响因素指标体系,即以防突厚度、水压力特征、不良地质、岩体质量和完整性为主要影响因素,围岩节理状态、水源补给条件、水力连通性、岩石强度为次要影响因素,岩层走向与倾角、地应力、岩体透水性特征为修正因素,提出各影响因素的分类方法和等级划分体系,形成适用于工程现场快速查询与评判的影响因素分级与评分表,阐述防突评判实施流程。将该评判方法应用于宜万(湖北宜昌—重庆万县)铁路野三关隧道“602溶腔”大型突水突泥灾害工程。研究结果表明:该评判方法克服了现有突水突泥风险评价不能描述防突结构围岩特征及厚度影响作用的不足以及传统最小安全厚度计算方法针对孕险环境和围岩特征等重要影响因素考虑不全面的欠缺;工程应用结果验证了该评判方法的科学性和实用性。

Abstract: In order to realize rapid assessment on the safety of karst tunnels, a prevention structure assessment method(PSAM) against water and mud inrush in karst tunnels was proposed through statistical and theoretical analyses based on disaster sources and prevention structure of water and mud inrush in karst tunnels. An evaluation index system was established for this method based on the research about hydrodynamic condition, unfavorable geology, prevention thickness and surrounding rock characteristics. In the evaluation index system, major factors were prevention thickness, hydraulic pressure, unfavorable geology, rock quality and integrality, secondary factors were joint state, recharge condition of groundwater, hydraulic connection and rock strength, and modifying factors were attitude of rocks, crustal stress and seepage state. In addition, methods and criterion of classification were put forward for the evaluation index system. Rating and score tables were created for efficient evaluation at the construction site based on aforementioned methods and criterion of classification. The implementation process of the method was expounded. The assessment method was applied in the actual engineering case of railway tunnel. The results show that the proposed method enriches the theories about risk prevention and control, and will make up for shortages of the minimum safety thickness method. The application effect indicates that the proposed method is rational and feasible, which provides a useful tool for prevention structure assessment at the construction site.

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