镍离子掺杂对LiFePO4结构和性能的影响

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2005年第9期

论文作者:文衍宣 郑绵平 童张法 粟海锋 薛敏华

文章页码:1436 - 1440

关键词:LiFePO4; 锂离子电池; 正极材料; 镍掺杂

Key words:LiFePO4; lithium-ion battery; cathode material; Ni2+ doping

摘    要:为提高LiFePO4的充放电性能, 用Ni2+对LiFePO4进行掺杂。 采用电化学方法测量了Li1-xNixFePO4的充放电性能, 用X射线衍射和里特沃尔特方法表征了掺杂LiFePO4的晶体结构。 固相反应可制备单相Li1-xNixFePO4 (x=0.00、 0.01、 0.02、 0.03、 0.05和0.07, 摩尔分数)。 研究表明: 少量镍离子掺杂能有效地提高LiFePO4的比容量和循环性能, 其中Li0.97Ni0.03FePO4具有更好的电化学性能, 放电比容量高出LiFePO4约30 mA·h/g, 其主要原因是镍离子掺杂不仅改变了晶体中原子间距离和位置, 引起晶胞收缩; 而且增加了LiFePO4中Fe3+/Fe2+共存态的浓度, 提高了材料的导电能力。

Abstract: To improve the performance of LiFePO4, single phase Li1-xNixFePO4 was prepared by solid state reaction (x=0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.07, mole fraction). Crystal structure and charge/discharge performance of doped LiFePO4 were investigated by X-ray diffractrometry with the Rietveld method and electrochemical measurement, respectively. The results show that Ni2+ doping with low concentration can increase the capacity and cycle performances of LiFePO4, and Li0.97Ni0.03FePO4 has better performance than the others, whose discharge capacity is 30 mA·h/g higher than LiFePO4. Because Ni2+ doping not only causes the change of atomic position and distance and the shrinkage of crystal cell, but also increases the concentration of coexisted Fe3+/Fe2+ in LiFePO4, which increases the electrical conductivity of LiFePO4.

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