碳纳米管表面缺陷对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基体弹性的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第4期

论文作者:刘冬 李云龙 杨斌 唐黎明 李皓 王照智

文章页码:893 - 902

关键词:碳纳米管;高分子复合材料;分子模拟;表面缺陷;界面作用

Key words:carbon nanotubes; polymer composites; molecular simulation; surface defects; interfacial interaction

摘    要:碳纳米管(CNTs)及其高分子复合材料在制备过程中,需要经过温度、溶液和力场等的耦合作用。因此,CNTs表面不可避免产生缺陷。为探索缺陷对复合材料弹性性能的影响机理,构建表面含有TSW (thrower-stone-wales)、SV (single vacancy)和无缺陷的CNTs增强聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)基体的分子模型,利用分子动力学理论和恒定应变拉伸法计算高分子纳米复合材料的弹性模量;分别研究在拉伸过程中CNTs与PMMA间的界面作用能和CNTs的弹性性能,揭示CNTs表面缺陷种类和数量对PMMA基体弹性性能的微观影响机理。研究结果表明:相较于无缺陷CNTs,表面含有TSW和SV缺陷的CNTs高分子复合材料的弹性性能均呈现一定程度降低,其中SV缺陷对复合材料基体弹性性能影响最明显;在拉伸过程中,CNTs自身的弹性性能在影响复合材料基体弹性性能中起到主导作用;高分子复合材料的弹性模量均随着CNTs表面缺陷数量增加而逐渐降低。在实际应用中,若要保证高分子复合材料的韧性和抗断裂性能时,可适当增加CNTs表面的缺陷数量,但当要保证确保高分子复合材料的强度时,需要尽量减少CNTs表面缺陷。

Abstract: In the preparation of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and CNTs/polymer composites, the coupling effects of temperature, solution and force field could not be avoided. Therefore, the formation of defects on the surface of CNTs were inevitable. Molecular models of polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) matrix reinforced by carbon nanotubes(CNTs) containing thrower-stone-wales(TSW), single vacancy(SV) defects on the surfaces were built respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to determine the elastic modulus of the CNTs/polymer composites. The interfacial interactions between CNTs and PMMA during the tensile process and the elastic behaviors of CNTs were particularly investigated and analyzed to reveal the atomic inherent mechanisms of the effects of surface defects of CNTs on the elastic properties of PMMA matrix. The results show that the elastic modulus of TSW and SV-CNTs/polymer composites decrease in comparison with that of the pristine CNTs. The elastic modulus of SV-CNTs/polymer composites is lower than that of the TSW-CNTs/polymer composites. During the tensile process, the elastic properties of CNTs have more important effects on decreasing the elastic modulus of the polymer matrix than that of the interfacial interactions between CNTs and polymer matrix. In addition, the elastic modulus of polymer composites deceases with the increase of the number of the defects on the surface of CNTs. When the toughness and fracture resistance of polymer composites are required in practical application, the number of defects on CNTs surface can increase appropriately by certain ways. In contrast, when the strength of polymer composites is required, the occurrence of defects on CNTs surface should be avoided.

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