矿井火灾事故调查综合分析技术

牛会永^{1, 2}，邓军^{1, 3}，周心权⁴，王海桥^{1, 2}

(1. 湖南科技大学 能源与安全工程学院，湖南 湘潭，411201；
2. 湖南科技大学 煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室，湖南 湘潭，411201；
3. 西安科技大学 能源学院，陕西 西安，710054；
4. 中国矿业大学(北京) 煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室，北京，100083)

摘 要：为保证矿井火灾事故调查的科学性与客观性，确定风流与巷壁在非稳态热交换条件下的巷道纵向温度衰减理论模型；通过分析矿井火灾灾变的影响范围以及对井下设备和构件的破坏程度，对火场物证材料的内观表象应用于煤矿火灾事故调查进行可行性研究；通过对矿井火灾时井下常见材料的导电性能、金相组织、硬度以及强度变化的分析，得出井下常见物质不同程度受热后性能的变化规律；根据矿井火灾的特点，建立温度与物证受损情况的量化关系。研究结果表明：事故调查时，可根据受到火灾破坏的材料及设备的性能变化情况，明确火灾发生的原因，并反推出该部位在火灾时曾受过的最高温度以及持续时间，从而可推断火灾发生时的发展状况，为煤矿火灾事故调查提供物证分析技术支持。

关键词：矿井火灾；事故调查；物证分析；现场勘察

Comprehensive analysis techniques for mine fire accident investigation

NIU Hui-yong^{1, 2}, DENG Jun^{1, 3}, ZHOU Xin-quan⁴, WANG Hai-qiao^{1, 2}

(1. School of Energy and Safety Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China;
2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Mining Techniques of Coal Mines,
Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China;
3. School of Energy Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China;
4. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,
China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract:In order to ensure the scientific and objective investigation of the mine fire accident, theory model of roadway longitudinal temperature attenuation was established during unsteady heat exchange. Through analyzing the sphere of influence on mine fire disaster and the extent of damage to equipment and components in underground, the feasibility analysis for the interior and appearance of material evidence in mine fire which will be applied to coal mine fire accident investigation was carried out. Through analyzing the change of the electrical properties, microstructure, hardness and strength of different materials in coal mine when the fire happens, the change law of capability of common material during the different degrees of thermal in mine was obtained. According to the characteristics of mine fire, the quantitative relationship between temperature and damage was erected. The results show that when the mine fire investigation is carried out, the reason of fire can be cleared based on the changes of materials and equipment destroyed by fire, and the highest temperature and combustion duration of the fire can be anti-pushed, therefore, occurrence and development of fire can be deduced, and the technical support of material evidence analysis can be provided for coal mine fire accident investigation.

Key words:mine fire; accident investigation; material evidence analysis; field investigation