渗流作用下重叠隧道施工引起地层变形

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第9期

论文作者:赵宇 唐晓武 甘鹏路 刘维

文章页码:3108 - 3117

关键词:重叠隧道;地层损失;地下水渗流;地层变形;地表沉降

Key words:overlapped tunnels; ground loss; groundwater seepage; ground deformation; surface settlement

摘    要:以深圳地铁5号和7号线重叠段为背景,采用三维数值分析方法,对渗流作用下重叠隧道施工引起的地层变形规律进行研究,并与实测数据校验,分析开挖应力释放和地下水渗流共同作用对地层变形的影响。研究结果表明:纵向截面内,7号线施工时上覆地层变形较小,变形范围最远发展至开挖面前方4倍隧道高度处,5号线施工则造成较大地层变形,渗流引起开挖面前方2倍隧道高度范围内水位下降,拱顶上方局部土层出现整体下沉;横向截面内,7号线施工引起的土体变形仍然较小,变形区域可由1条与洞周相切、倾斜角度为 的斜线确定,在渗流影响下,5号线施工时截面内水位逐渐降低,土体变形加剧,同时变形范围扩大,地表沉降槽宽度大幅增加;整个施工过程中,地表经历约40 d的快速沉降,速率维持在1 mm/d以上,通过设置止水措施能够有效减小最终沉降,然而当重叠隧道开挖面间距大于一定数值时(本工程为12 m),间距增大对计算沉降量影响较小,通过减小开挖面间距可以缩短工期。

Abstract: Based on the engineering background of the overlapped section of Line No.5 and Line No.7 of Shenzhen Metro, three-dimensional numerical analysis was used to investigate the ground deformation induced by overlapped tunneling under seepage condition, and the computed deformations were verified by monitoring data. The combined effects of stress relief induced by excavation and groundwater seepage on ground deformation were analyzed. The results show that in the longitudinal section, the deformation of overlying strata during the tunneling of Line No.7 is small. The deformation range ahead of the excavation face of Line No.7 does not exceed 4 times of tunnel height. However, the deformation of overlying strata during the tunneling of Line No.5 is much larger. The groundwater level drops within the range of 2 times of tunnel height ahead of excavation face of Line No.5 due to seepage. Overall settlement arises in the local soil above the vault. In the transverse section, the deformation induced by the tunneling of Line No.7 is still small, and the deformation area can be determined by a tangent line of the tunnel that has an inclined angle of with the horizontal direction. Affected by seepage, the groundwater level in the section gradually decreases during the tunneling of Line No.5, which not only increases the ground deformation, but also enlarges the settlement range, and the width of surface settlement trough increases noticeably. During the whole construction, the surface settlement experiences rapid increments for about 40 d. The settlement rate maintains more than 1 mm/d. Setting up sealing measures can effectively reduce the final surface settlement. However, when the distance between excavation faces of overlapped tunnels is more than a certain value (12 m for this project), enlarging the distance has a little influence on the final settlement. Thus, the construction time can be shortened through reducing the distance between excavation faces.

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