硫酸熟化-焙烧法从镍红土矿中回收镍和钴动力学研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2012年第4期

论文作者:郭学益 李栋 田庆华 石文堂

文章页码:1222 - 1226

关键词:镍红土矿;硫酸熟化?焙烧;动力学;镍;钴

Key words:nickel laterite; sulfation-roasting; kinetics; nickel; cobalt

摘    要:

采用X线荧光(XRF)、X线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对镍红土矿的化学组成、物相组织、显微结构以及镍钴赋存状态进行矿物学表征。通过硫酸熟化-焙烧-水浸法从镍红土矿中提取镍和钴,并研究镍和钴在硫酸熟化-焙烧过程中的动力学。结果表明:镍和钴的硫酸化过程符合Bagdasarym提出的多相液固区域反应模型,相应的动力学方程式可以用ln(-ln(1-α))=ln k+nln t(其中,α为反应进行程度,k为反应速率常数,t为反应时间,n为矿物中晶粒性质和几何形状的函数)来表示。镍和钴的硫酸化反应表观活化能分别为21.45 kJ/mol和34.81 kJ/mol,动力学控制过程为内扩散控制。

Abstract:

Mineralogical characterizations of the nickel laterite material were done by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and other techniques. Nickel and cobalt were extracted from nickel laterite by sulfation-roasting-leaching process and the kinetics of nickel and cobalt sulfation was studied. The results show that the sulfation of nickel and cobalt accords with the liquid-solid regional reaction model raised by Bagdasarym and the kinetic equation is expressed as ln(-ln(1-α))=ln k+nln t (where α is reaction degree; k is reaction rate constant; t is reaction time; n is the function of property and geometric shape of particles in minerals). The activation energies are determined to be 21.45 kJ/mol for nickel and 34.81 kJ/mol for cobalt respectively, which are characteristic of an internal diffusion controlled process.

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