基于离散单元法的溜砂坡堆积形态数值研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第7期

论文作者:周伟 来志强 杨利福 马刚 常晓林 徐琨

文章页码:1839 - 1849

关键词:离散元;溜砂坡;堆积形态;细观机制;颗粒形状;分形

Key words:distinct element method; sand-sliding slope; accumulation state; meso-mechanism; particle shape; fractal

摘    要:采用离散单元法模拟了溜砂坡的堆积过程,研究粒间摩擦因数和颗粒形状对溜砂坡堆积形态的影响,建立粒间摩擦因数、颗粒形状与堆积形态的相关关系。研究结果表明:颗粒堆积体上、下部的粒径分布均具有分形特性,摩擦因数越大,堆积体上部分形维数和堆积角度越大。对比不同的颗粒形状,颗粒浑圆度越差,堆积体上部分形维数和堆积角度越大。随着粒间摩擦因数的增大,强力链数目减少,弱力链数目增多,力链结构的各向异性增强,颗粒间法向接触力的水平分量变小,接触法向的主方向向竖直方向偏转。圆形颗粒堆积体中力链分布呈树根状,考虑颗粒形状后的堆积体内强力链方向基本与斜坡平行。溜砂坡下部分形维数与其内部孔隙率呈较好的线性关系,下部分形维数越大,堆积体孔隙率越小。

Abstract: The discrete element method was employed to simulate the accumulation process of sand-sliding slope. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship among inter-particle friction coefficient, particle shape and accumulation characteristics of sand-sliding slope. The results indicate that the particle size distribution of both the upper and the lower sand-sliding slope has a fractal feature. The fractal dimension of the upper accumulation body and the repose angle of sand-sliding slope increase with inter-particle friction coefficient increasing. Comparing the simulation results with different particle shapes, it is found that the worse the roundness of the particles, the larger the fractal dimension of the upper accumulation body and the repose angle of sand-sliding slope. With the increase of friction coefficient, heterogeneous degree of contact force also increases, that is, the proportion of weak force chain increases while the proportion of strong force chain decreases. Furthermore, the horizontal component of normal contact force decreases and the main direction of the contact normal orientation between particles inclines to the vertical direction. The force distribution among circular particles is like tree roots while the direction of strong force with shaped particles is almost the same as the direction of the chute. There is a linear relationship between the fractal dimension of the lower accumulation body and the accumulation porosity, namely, the larger the former, the smaller the latter.

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