台北凹陷温吉桑地区致密砂岩储层特征及其控制因素

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第1期

论文作者:郭小波 黄志龙 王伟明 涂小仙 王斌 刘国恒 任忠跃

文章页码:157 - 167

关键词:致密砂岩油气;致密储层;孔隙结构;成岩演化;台北凹陷温吉桑地区

Key words:tight sandstone oil and gas; tight reservoirs; pore structure; diagenetic evolution; Wenjisang area in Taibei sag

摘    要:通过恒速压汞、CT扫描、X线衍射等实验技术,对台北凹陷温吉桑地区水西沟群致密砂岩储层特征与控制因素进行研究。研究结果表明:研究区砂岩成分、结构成熟度较低,储层致密,储集空间以各类微孔隙和微裂缝为主;微孔隙的形态、分布特征会影响储层喉道半径、孔隙结构,进而影响储层物性,即微孔隙集中连片分布要优于分散孤立分布;沉积于强水动力环境下的粗粒砂岩,有利于原生孔隙的保存和溶蚀孔隙的形成,储层物性好,主要对应于三角洲前缘水下分流河道等沉积微相;在煤系特有的成岩流体环境下,早期快速埋深压实是储层致密化的主要原因,硅质胶结、伊利石胶结、晚期碳酸盐岩胶结等强化储层致密;溶解作用和绿泥石胶结是主要的建设性成岩作用类型;纵向上,浅层(<3.4 km)相对高孔隙度带主要受溶蚀作用影响,深层(>3.8 km)相对高孔隙度带受绿泥石膜影响显著,因此,成岩作用是台北凹陷温吉桑地区致密砂岩储层形成的主控因素。

Abstract: Through constant-rate mercury injection, CT scan and X-ray diffraction technology, the characteristics and controlling factors of Wenjisang area tight sandstone reservoir in Taibei sag were studied. The results show that the tight sandstone compositional and texture maturity is rather low; reservoir space consists of micro pore and micro cracks mainly. The morphology and distribution of micro pore will affect the reservoir throat radius and pore structure, thus affect reservoir physical property. Micro pore concentrated distribution is superior to scattered distribution. Coarse size sandstone deposited in strong hydrodynamic environment is conducive to the preservation of primary pore and the formation of dissolution pores. The sandstone has good reservoir physical property, which mainly corresponds to the sedimentary microfacies of deltaic front subaqueous distributary channel. There peculiar diagenetic fluid environment in coal measures strata, early quickly buried deep compaction is the major cause of densification of reservoir, siliceous cementation, illite cementation and late carbonate cementation strengthen the formation of tight reservoir. Dissolution and chlorite cementation are the main types of constructive diagenesis. Longitudinal, shallow layer (<3.4 km) with relatively high porosity is mainly affected by the dissolution, and deeper layer (>3.8 km) with relatively high porosity is affected by the formation of chlorite membrane significantly. Therefore, diagenesis is the main factor controlling the formation of Wenjisang area tight sandstone reservoir in Taibei sag.

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