可吸入颗粒中金属元素对DNA的氧化性损伤

刘彦飞^{1, 2}，邵龙义²，于倩¹，李光岩¹，许丹¹，宋晓焱³

(1. 黑龙江科技学院 资源与环境工程学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨，150027；
2. 中国矿业大学(北京) 地球科学与测绘工程学院，北京，100083；
3. 华北水利水电学院 资源与环境学院，河南 郑州，450011)

摘 要：采用质粒DNA评价法评价哈尔滨市市区、郊区和清洁对照点的PM₁₀和PM_2.5样品的生物活性及颗粒物中金属元素对质粒DNA的氧化性损伤能力。研究结果表明，水溶样和全样样品都具有一定的活性，样品的TD₄₀值为67.9～1 570 μg/mL，说明PM的生物活性主要与其来源和性质有关；颗粒物中具有生物活性的元素主要为过渡金属，其次为碱金属或其他主族元素，除过渡金属外，稀土元素对颗粒物的生物活性也具有显著影响。水溶样的TD₄₀值与Y的浓度呈正相关，与La，Lu，Ho，Sm的浓度呈负相关，说明在对质粒DNA损伤过程中，Y拮抗La，Lu，Ho，Sm的损伤作用；全样的TD₄₀值与元素Cs，La，Mn，Pb，Tm，Gd的浓度呈正相关，与Tb，Ni，Yb，Er，W，Cd，In的浓度呈负相关，在对质粒DNA损伤过程中，元素Cs，La，Mn，Pb，Tm，Gd协同拮抗Tb，Ni，Yb，Er，W，Cd，In的损伤作用。

关键词：PM_2.5；PM₁₀；生物活性；稀土元素；质粒DNA评价

Oxidative damage to DNA induce by metal elements in airborne inhalable particles

LIU Yan-fei^{1, 2}, SHAO Long-yi², YU Qian¹, LI Guang-yan¹, XU Dan¹, SONG Xiao-yan³

(1. Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology;
Harbin 150027, China; 2. College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; 3. Institute of Resources and Environment, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450011, China)

Abstract:A plasmid DNA assay was used to investigate the bioreactivity of PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ and the oxidative capacity of mental elements in the particles in urban, suburban and clean areas of Harbin city, northeastern China. The results show that the water-soluble fraction and intact whole sample solutions of PM samples have obvious bioreactivity, and their TD40 values are 67.9-1 570 μg/mL, suggesting that the oxidative capacity of particles is related to sources and natures of particles. The main elements damaging plasmid DNA are transitional metals, with certain amounts of alkali metals and other main group elements. In addition to transitional metals, the rare earth elements in particles play a major role in the DNA damage. The TD₄₀ value of the water-soluble fraction of the PM samples present a positive correlation with the concentration of Y and a negative correlation with La, Lu, Ho and Sm. This indicates that during the exposure of water-soluble fraction to plasmid DNA, the elements La, Lu, Ho and Sm are cooperated to cause damage to the plasmid, while Y helps to antagonise this damage. The TD₄₀ value of the whole intact PM sample shows a positive correlation with the concentration (μg/g PM) of Cs, La, Mn, Pb, Tm and Gd, and a negative correlation with Tb, Ni, Yb, Er, W, Cd and In. This demonstrates that during the exposure of the whole intact sample solution to plasmid DNA, the elements Tb, Ni, Yb, Er, W, Cd and In are combined to cause damage to the plasmid, while the elements Cs, La, Mn, Pb, Tm and Gd help to antagonise this damage.

Key words:PM_2.5; PM₁₀; bioreactivity; rare earth; plasmid DNA assay