NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr合金的室温摩擦磨损性能

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2015年第1期

论文作者:张孟恩 王振生 郭源君 郭建亭 周兰章 杨双双

文章页码:88 - 94

关键词:NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr合金;摩擦磨损性能;磨损机制;无定形层

Key words:NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr alloy; friction and wear properties; wear mechanism; amorphous layer

摘    要:采用SEM和XRD分析NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr合金的微观组织,用万能力学试验机测试合金的力学性能,用高速往复摩擦磨损试验机研究合金的室温摩擦磨损特性。研究结果表明:NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr合金由NiAl相、NiAl-Cr共晶和Cr2Ta相组成,其强度和塑性良好。在低P1/2·v (P为载荷,v为速度)下,合金的磨损机制为磨粒磨损,随着P1/2·v的增加,摩擦热效应增强,合金的磨损机制逐渐转变为黏着磨损,摩擦因数和磨损率增加;当P1/2·v>0.54 N1/2·m/s时,摩擦热效应逐渐导致摩擦表面形成了无定形层,无定形层具有自修复特性,部分或全部隔离了摩擦副的直接接触,磨损机制逐渐转变为氧化磨损,磨损率快速降低后保持稳定,摩擦因数逐渐降低;当P1/2·v≥4.02 N1/2·m/s时,合金磨损表面开始出现疲劳磨损特征,表面剥落导致合金的磨损率升高。

Abstract: The microstructure and properties of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr alloy were investigated. The microstructure was analyzed by SEM and XRD, the mechanical properties were conducted by a universal mechanical testing machine, and the friction and wear features at room temperature were studied using a friction and wear tester of high speed reciprocating. The results show that the NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr alloy consists of NiAl, NiAl-Cr eutectic and Cr2Ta, and that makes the alloy have good strength and plasticity. The wear mechanism of alloy is abrasive wear in low P1/2·v. With the increase of P1/2·v, the wear mechanism of NiAl-2.5Ta-7.5Cr alloy gradually transforms itself into the adhesive wear, and at the same time both the wear rate and friction coefficient increase. When P1/2·v is greater than 0.54 N1/2·m/s, the wear mechanism gradually turns into the oxidation wear mechanism. The friction pairs are divided with the amorphous layer formed on the wearing surface. The wear rate keeps stable after decreasing rapidly, and the friction coefficient gradually decreases under the condition. Fatigue wear characteristics appear when P1/2·v is greater than 4.02 N1/2·m/s, and the surface spalling leads to high wear rate.

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