时效状态对7020铝合金疲劳性能的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第11期

论文作者:唐建国 王勇 邓运来 林化强 单朝军 ZHANG Yong(张勇) 刘胜胆 叶凌英

文章页码:2684 - 2692

关键词:7020铝合金;时效;疲劳强度;疲劳裂纹扩展

Key words:7020 aluminum alloy; aging; fatigue strength; fatigue crack growth

摘    要:研究不同时效状态下7020铝合金的疲劳强度及疲劳裂纹扩展性能,并分别利用透射电镜和扫描电镜对合金的显微组织及疲劳断口进行观察分析。研究结果表明:欠时效、峰时效和过时效3种时效态合金在循环数为107次时的条件疲劳极限分别为131,114和127 MPa;欠时效合金具有最低的疲劳裂纹扩展速率,峰时效合金的疲劳裂纹扩展速率最高;随着时效程度加大,过时效合金的疲劳裂纹扩展性能有所改善;欠时效合金中可切过的GP区增加位错滑移的可逆性并促进裂纹的偏折,而峰时效合金中主要为η''''相,不可切过的η''''相以及较大的晶内和晶界无析出带(PFZ)之间的强度差导致疲劳裂纹容易萌生和扩展;过时效合金晶内晶界强度差减小以及相关的裂纹闭合机制使其疲劳性能得到改善。

Abstract: The fatigue strength and fatigue crack growth behavior of 7020 aluminum alloy under different aging conditions were investigated. The microstructures and fractographies of the alloy were examined by transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that when cycle number is 107, the fatigue strength of 7020 aluminum alloy in under-aged, peak-aged and over-aged conditions are 131, 114 and 127 MPa, respectively. The fatigue crack growth rate of under-aged alloy is the least and that of peak aged alloy is the highest. With the increase of aging degree, the fatigue crack growth property of over aged alloy is improved. The shearable GP zones in under-aged alloy enhance the reversibility of dislocation slip and induce the deflection of fatigue crack. In contrast, the non-shearable η'''' is dominant in peak aged alloy. Together with the large strength differential between grain interior and precipitation free zone(PFZ) of grain boundary, the non-shearable η'''' makes the fatigue crack easy to initiate and propagate. The reduction of strength differential and related crack closure mechanisms improve fatigue behavior of over aged alloy.

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