稀土粗精矿的低温硫酸化分解工艺

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2014年第12期

论文作者:刘 勇 刘珍珍 刘牡丹

文章页码:3147 - 3155

关键词:稀土粗精矿;浸出;酸化;浸出率

Key words:rare earth rough concentrate; leaching; acidification; leaching rate

Abstract: A decomposition process for two rare earth rough concentrates obtained by physical and chemical floatation at low temperature was investigated. The effects of ratio of acid to concentrate (mass ratio of sulfuric acid to RE concentrate), acidification duration, acidification temperature and liquid-to-solid ratio on the leaching rate of rare earth concentrates were investigated by the orthogonal test and single factor test. The results show that mass ratio of concentrate to acid, acidification duration and acidification temperature have significant effects on the leaching rate of the rare earth concentrates, and the optimum conditions are as follows: mass ratio of concentrate to acid of concentrates Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 1.8:1 and 0.9:1, respectively, durations of concentrates Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 2.0 and 3.0 h, respectively, temperatures are both 150 ℃. Under the optimized leaching conditions, the rare earth leaching rates of concentrates Ⅰ and Ⅱ are 90.42% and 91.35%, respectively. The process mineralogy of automatic quantitative mineral technology MLA was used to test the decomposed residues of the two concentrates in order to find out the influencing factors on rare earth leaching rate, and the results prove that it is the critical influence on rare earth leaching rate that rare earth and calcium sulfate form the complex insoluble sulfate.

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