采空区群蠕变突变三维力学模型构建及稳定性精确预测

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第12期

论文作者:任红岗 汪旭光 谭卓英 夏志远

文章页码:3114 - 3127

关键词:采空区群;三维力学模型;蠕变突变;弹性力学;影响因子

Key words:goaf group; three-dimensional mechanical model; creep and catastrophe; elastic mechanics; influence factor

摘    要:针对双向分层条式充填采矿法空区群特点,系统地构建顶板和矿柱为一体的三维空间力学模型,引入弹性力学和结构力学相关理论,推导出3种边界条件下顶板中心下沉挠度的曲线方程。综合运用突变和蠕变理论,从能量转化角度阐明采空区群突变机理,建立采空区群系统突变失稳计算流程,导出采空区群顶板蠕变微分方程,实现对采空区群突变失稳规律和稳定时限的精确预测,通过实例计算和数值模拟分析,验证其有效性。此外,全面分析影响采空区群稳定性的主控因子,并得出影响因子的影响程度。通过调节影响因子参数,可预测控制采空区群稳定性,选择最佳充填时机,优化采场结构参数。研究结果表明:采空区群系统稳定性与矿柱支撑面积率、矿柱峰值抗压强度、矿柱弹性模量呈正相关,与顶板均布荷载呈负相关;当顶板-矿柱系统处在固支模式时,采场参数对系统稳定性影响最显著;当采场参数足够大时,固支模型和简支模型对系统稳定性影响差距不明显。

Abstract: With the consideration of the characteristics of goaf group in two-way slicing and strip filling mining method, a three-dimensional spatial mechanics model of roof and pillar was systematically constructed. By applying the theories of elasticity mechanics and structural mechanics, the curve equations of the central subsidence deflection of roof under three boundary conditions were derived. Based on catastrophe and creep theory, the mechanism of group catastrophe in goaf was clarified from the aspect of energy transformation, the calculating process of catastrophe and instability in goaf group system was established, and the creep differential equation of roof in goaf group was derived, which realizes accurate prediction of instability rule and stability time limit of goaf group. The effectiveness of this method was verified by example calculation and numerical simulation analysis. In addition, the factors of system instability of goaf group were analyzed comprehensively, and the influence factors and degree of stability of goaf group were obtained. It is possible to predict and control the stability of the mined-out area group, select the optimal filling timing, and optimize the stope structure parameters by adjusting the parameters of influence factor. The results show that the stability of goaf group system is positively correlated with pillar support area ratio, pillar peak compressive strength and pillar elastic modulus, and negatively correlated with roof uniform load. When roof pillar system is in fixed support mode, stope parameters have the most significant influence on system stability. When the stope parameters are large enough, the difference between the fixed support model and the simple support model is not obvious.

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