堆积碎石土细观孔隙空间特征对其渗透特性的定量影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第5期

论文作者:董辉 罗真 李智飞

文章页码:1367 - 1376

关键词:碎石土;滑坡;渗透;CT图像;灰关联分析

Key words:gravel soil; landslide; permeability; CT image; grey relational analysis

摘    要:堆积碎石土作为滑体物质往往因其细观结构差异对雨水入渗产生影响。基于CT扫描宏细观孔隙特征,以自制渗透仪研究级配(坡顶区域、坡腰区域、坡脚区域)、干密度(1.65,1.75和1.85 g/cm3)、含石率(30%~70%)等条件下碎石土的渗透规律。采用“最小累积差值”阈值选取方法对CT图像进行阈值分割,提取图像碎石和空隙形态,利用灰关联分析法定量分析各因素(碎石面积比率、空隙面积比率等)对渗透系数的影响。研究结果表明:空隙面积比率是影响渗透系数的主要因素;考虑含石率作为主要影响条件时,随着含石率的减少(从70%减至30%),空隙面积变异系数、空隙周长变异系数及空隙分形维数均呈现先增加后减少的趋势,存在1个含石率阈值使其碎石土的渗透系数最小;根据空隙面积比率(x)与碎石面积比率(y),获得渗透系数(k)拟合函数,其为运用图像处理技术估算滑坡坡表碎石土渗透系数提供简明有效的新途径。

Abstract: Given different internal mesoscopic structures, aggregate gravel soil which are considered to be the landslide materials tend to influence on rainwater infiltration. Based on macro and micro-pore characteristics observed via CT scan, the experimental research employed homemade permeameter to explore permeation law of the gravelly soil with different graduations (slop crest, mid slope, the toe of slope), different dry densities (1.65, 1.75 and 1.85 g/cm3) and different stone contents (30%-70%). Meanwhile, further study utilized the minimum cumulative scores threshold selection method to extract images gravel and void morphology by segmenting CT image. The gray relational analysis method was applied to analyze the effects of different factors (stone area ratio, void area ratio) on permeability coefficient. The results show that surface void ratio is the most significant factor that affects the permeability coefficient. Simultaneously, with the reduction of containing stone rate (70%-30%), the void area variation coefficient, viod perimeter variation coefficient, void fractal dimension firstly decrease and then increase. When the containing stone rate decreases to something, the permeability coefficient reaches the minimum. It is assumed that surface void ratio(x) and surface stone ratio(y), fit the permeability coefficient(k) formula, which provides a concise and effective new way to use image processing techniques to estimate gravel soil permeability on the landslide slope.

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