剪切荷载下岩体结构面-浆体-锚杆相互作用机理宏细观研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2015年第6期

论文作者:王刚 袁康 蒋宇静 吴学震

文章页码:2207 - 2216

关键词:颗粒流;岩石节理面;锚杆;直剪试验;宏细观耦合

Key words:PFC; rock joint; rock bolt; direct shear test; macroscopic-microscopic coupling

摘    要:基于PFC中FISH语言,采用双线性锚杆本构模型对岩体加锚节理面在剪切荷载作用下的力学行为进行数值模拟研究,通过变化锚杆刚度和浆体强度,深入研究岩体结构面-浆体-锚杆相互作用下锚固体系宏细观力学响应。结果表明:加锚节理面的力学响应与锚固结构的力学性质密切相关。锚杆刚度越大,节理面宏观抗剪强度越高;随着锚杆刚度的增加,岩体和浆体中的裂纹也越来越多,锚杆对浆体和岩体的损伤逐渐增加。岩体结构面-浆体-锚杆相互作用,裂纹的产生首先起于节理面上和锚杆与节理面交叉处,随着剪切位移的不断增加,节理面上的裂纹在接触力集中的地方继续产生,而在锚杆周围则由锚杆与节理面交叉处向锚杆两端继续扩展,且裂纹集中在锚固体系的受压侧,主要为由“压致拉”机理导致的张拉裂纹。浆体的强度过小或过大都可能导致锚固体系中裂纹数量的增多,且裂纹以张拉裂纹为主。当浆体强度较低时,裂纹主要集中在浆体中,而当浆体强度较高时,裂纹主要集中在岩体中。因此,在对节理岩体进行加固的过程中,应综合考虑节理面宏观上的抗剪强度和细观上锚固体系的损伤,以实现锚固体系的宏细观耦合支护。分析结论对于节理岩体的锚固支护设计具有参照价值。

Abstract: The mechanical behavior of bolted rock joints was researched by using bilinear constitutive model of bolt in virtue of the inner-embed FISH language of PFC based on DEM. Through a variation of the bolt’s elastic modulus and the strength of grout, their influence on macroscopic mechanical response and microscopic mechanical response of anchoring system were studied under the bolt-grout-rock interaction. The results show that there is a clear relationship between the mechanical response of bolted rock joint and the mechanical property of anchoring structures. Macroscopic aspect: the stiffer the bolt the more shear strength of bolted rock joint has. Microscopic aspect: the quantity of cracks in grout and rock increase with the increase of bolt’s stiffness so as to result in more damage to anchoring system. Cracks will appear in the joint and the intersection of bolt and joint initially. With the increase of shear displacement, the cracks in joint will be generated at the place whose compressive contact force is very concentrated while the cracks around the bolt will propagate from the intersection of bolt and joint to the two ends of bolt. Besides, the cracks are mainly concentrated on the compression side. Most of the cracks are tension cracks which are induced by compression among particles. The number of cracks in rock and grout will increase when the strength of grout is much larger or smaller. The cracks are mainly tension cracks which are result from the compression among the particles. When the strength of grout is much smaller, the cracks are mainly concentrated on the rock otherwise the cracks will be mainly distributed in grout. Therefore, the shearing strength of bolted rock joint in macroscopic aspect and the damage of anchoring system resulting from anchoring structure in microscopic aspect should be considered comprehensively while reinforcing jointed rock mass so as to realize the macroscopic-microscopic coupling support. It has a certain guiding significance for the bolt supporting design of joint rock mass.

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