黄药类捕收剂对细菌浸出黄铜矿的抑制机理

董颖博^{1, 2}，林 海^{1, 2}，周闪闪^{1, 2}

(1. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室，北京 100083；
2. 北京科技大学 土木与环境工程学院，北京 100083)

摘 要：借助于X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和红外光谱(FTIR)等测试手段，研究黄药类捕收剂对嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌LD-1菌株(At.f LD-1)浸出黄铜矿的抑制机理。XPS分析结果表明，与不加浮选药剂条件下所得浸渣相比，黄药类捕收剂的作用使浸渣表面Cu 2p电子结合能增高，Fe 2p和S 2p电子结合能降低，且黄药类捕收剂对铜浸出率抑制作用的强弱与电子结合能的偏移程度成正比；FTIR研究发现，At.f LD-1菌在黄铜矿表面发生了化学吸附，黄药类捕收剂在酸性条件下生成的醇类等物质在黄铜矿表面的吸附以及对At.f LD-1菌的毒害作用，导致浸渣表面红外特征吸收峰发生了偏移。

关键词：黄铜矿；黄药类捕收剂；浸矿细菌；抑制机理

Inhibition mechanism of xanthate collectors on chalcopyrite bioleaching

DONG Ying-bo^{1, 2}, LIN Hai^{1, 2}, ZHOU Shan-shan^{1, 2}

(1. Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,
Ministry of Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. School of Civil an)

Abstract:The inhibition mechanism of xanthate collectors on bioleaching of chalcopyrite by At.f LD-1 bacteria was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results of XPS analysis show that xanthate collectors cause the increase of electron binding energy of Cu 2p and the decrease of the electron binding energies of Fe 2p and S 2p. The change degrees of the electron binding energy of Cu 2p, Fe 2p and S 2p become more obvious with the increase of inhibition degrees of xanthate collectors on the copper leaching rate. The results of FTIR analysis indicate that the adsorption of At.f LD-1 bacteria on the chalcopyrite is chemical reaction. The products from the reaction of xanthate collectors and sulfuric acid can be adsorbed on the chalcopyrite and are toxic to At.f LD-1 bacteria, which lead to the shift of the characteristic IR absorption peaks of the leached residue.

Key words:chalcopyrite; xanthate collectors; bioleaching bacteria; inhibition mechanism