铁路轨道不平顺波长及病害波形的定位方法

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第11期

论文作者:高建敏 徐磊 翟婉明 陈宪麦

文章页码:3060 - 3069

关键词:轨道不平顺;小波变换;Wigner-Ville分布;特征波长;轨道病害

Key words:track irregularity; wavelet transform; Wigner-Ville distribution; characteristic wavelengths; track diseases

摘    要:应用时频分析和特征波形能量突变理论,开展轨道不平顺波长和轨道病害波形定位提取的研究。结合小波变换多分辨率分析和Wigner-Ville分布良好的时-频能量聚集性,提出基于小波-SPWVD的时-频能量波长定位提取方法,并与常规的尺度-小波能量谱方法进行对比分析。以时-频能量分析法为基础,基于轨道病害波形的统计特性,提出融合病害波形统计特征频率和频率影响系数的小波-SPWVD时-频能量病害提取算法,用于轨道病害特征波形的定位提取。研究结果表明:小波-SPWVD时-频能量分析方法和常规的尺度-小波能量谱方法在基本原理和定位提取性能上具有一致性与有效性,但时-频能量分析方法在时耗及特征波长信息含量上更具优势。用焊缝不平顺和凸台形不平顺的病害波形实例验证了时频能量分析方法的有效性。

Abstract: The theories of time-frequency analysis and energy mutation over characteristic waveforms were used to study the positioning and extraction of track irregularity characteristic wavelengths and track diseases. Combining wavelet transform’s multi-resolution analytical characteristics and Wigner-Ville distribution’s high time-frequency energy- focusing performance, a wavelet-SPWVE time-frequency algorithm of locating and extracting track irregularity wavelength was proposed and compared with the conventional scale-wavelet energy spectrum analysis method. Based on the method of time-frequency energy analysis, a wavelet-SPWVD time-frequency algorithm, which combines statistical characteristic frequencies and their corresponding influence coefficients of track geometries, was proposed to locate the detrimental waveforms. The results show that both the time-frequency energy analysis method and the conventional scale-wavelet energy spectrum analysis method demonstrate consistency and efficiency at aspects of the basic principle and the functionality in locating the characteristic signals. However, the time-frequency energy analysis method holds significant advantages in time-consuming and quantity of information. The effectiveness of the method is verified by examples of track diseases, i.e., the weld-type and convex-type profile.

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