无铅含铋铜-钢双金属轴承材料的摩擦学特性

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2011年第5期

论文作者:尹延国 林福东 焦明华 解挺 俞建卫 田明

文章页码:1038 - 1044

关键词:含铋铜基;轴承材料;无铅;摩擦学特性

Key words:Bi-contained copper; bearing material; lead-free; tribological properties

摘    要:采用常规粉末冶金方法制备无铅含铋铜-钢双金属轴承材料,在HDM-20端面摩擦磨损试验机上进行边界润滑条件下的摩擦磨损试验,分析无铅含铋铜-钢双金属轴承材料的减摩、抗粘着性能及其承载能力,并与典型的铜铅轴承材料(Cu10Sn10Pb)及铜锡合金材料的性能进行对比。结果表明:无铅含铋铜轴承材料中的低熔点组元铋(熔点为271 ℃)能阻碍因油膜破裂而引起的摩擦副局部区域的直接接触,体现出较好的减摩和抗粘着性能;当铋含量为3.0%(质量分数)时,无铅含铋铜基轴承材料的减摩,抗粘着咬合性能良好,承载能力较强,接近或优于典型铜铅轴承材料的性能。

Abstract:

Lead-free Bi-contained copper-steel bimetal bearing materials were prepared by powder metallurgy method, their friction and wear tests were conducted by using the HDM?20 tribometer under boundary lubrication conditions. The anti-friction, anti-adhesion and load carrying capacity of the lead-free Bi-contained copper matrix bearing materials were also analyzed and compared with those of the typical copper-lead bearing material (Cu10Sn10Pb). The results show that the addition of Bi can improve the anti-friction and anti-adhesion performances of the bearing materials because Bi with lower melting point (271 ℃) can be melted and move to the surface to prevent the direct contact of counterfaces as the oil films rupture during sliding, which results in good performances of anti-friction and anti-adhesion. To achieve better performances of anti-friction, anti-adhesion and load carrying capacity of the bearing materials, the optimal addition of Bi is 3.0% (mass fraction) under increasing loads, their performances are close to or better than those of the typical copper-lead bearing materials.

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