分层空调下高大焊接厂房双扩散对流

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第4期

论文作者:王汉青 王沨枫 刘志强 Christoph van Treeck 唐文武 寇广孝

文章页码:1447 - 1459

关键词:计算流体力学;现场实测;分层空调;双扩散对流

Key words:computational fluid dynamics; on site measurements; stratified ventilation; double diffusive convection

摘    要:利用计算流体力学技术并结合现场实测分析分层空调系统设计关键参数如送风量、送风速度及分层高度等对某高大焊接厂房室内双扩散对流及通风空调效果和效率的影响。同时,还分析高大焊接厂房分层通风空调系统的适用性。研究结果表明:厂房下部风口排风比宜取为75%;送风量安全系数Ks可取为2.5~4.0;提高送风速度、下部排风口底部安装高度及降低分层高度均无法有效提升厂房通风空调效果和效率;各工况下厂房室内流体运动、热、质输运为双扩散混合或自然对流,焊接表面Nusselt数及Sherwood数基本不变;当厂房焊接烟尘散发量大时,分层空调节能性是一大挑战。将焊接热和污染源简化为稳态散发的条缝形热和污染面源,室内焊接烟尘质量浓度模拟值与实测值较好地吻合,相对误差为11.2%。

Abstract: CFD (computational fluid dynamics) and site measurements were used to study the effects of some key parameters in the design of a stratified ventilation (SV) system, such as the supply air flow rate, the air supply velocity and the height of jet nozzle diffusers, on the double diffusive convection within a high-rise welding hall as well as the ventilation and air conditioning performance and efficiency. Meanwhile, applicability of a stratified air conditioning system for the high-rise welding hall in the case of different cooling loads and contamination loads was investigated. The results show that a value of 75% for the bottom air extraction ratio and a safety factor in the range of 2.5 to 4.0 for the supply air flow rate are recommended for the studied welding hall. Higher supply air velocity and mounting height of bottom exhaust outlets and lower jet nozzle diffusers installation height cannot effectively improve ventilation and air conditioning performance and efficiency. Double diffusive mixed or natural convection may occur in the investigated cases while the rates of heat and mass transporting from weld surfaces to the occupied zone remain nearly constants. For welding halls with high contamination loads, energy efficiency will be a challenge for SV. When the welding heat and contaminant sources are simplified into steady slot plane sources, the simulated indoor welding fume concentration values coincide well with the measurements and the relative error is 11.2%.

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