浙江雷甸淡水珍珠矿物成分特征

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)1998年第2期

论文作者：马红艳 袁奎荣 邓燕华 高岩

文章页码：9 - 13

关键词：矿物成分;球文石;淡水珍珠;宝石学;浙江

Key words：mineral compositions; vaterite; fresh water pearl; gemology; Zhejiang

摘    要：研究了矿物成分的差异对淡水珍珠质量的影响．采用光学显微镜观察珍珠显微特征；采用粉晶Ｘ射线衍射仪测物相组成；用红外显微镜微区分析观察了珍珠物相组成的空间分布特征．结果发现，淡水珍珠物相组成与海水珍珠不同；并首次在淡水无光珠中发现了球文石．优质珍珠由单一的文石组成，未观察到方解石或球文石；无光珠有通体无光与部分无光２种，其中球文石与文石的含量随无光珠的种类不同而发现变化．自然界珍珠中球文石粉晶衍射强线Ｄ值由强至弱排列为3.226,2.723,3.553,1.811,2.057．球文石的含量、矿物颗粒的大小、排列方式、空间分布位置以及珍珠层的杂质含量是影响珍珠品质（颜色、透明度、光泽）的主要因素.

Abstract: This paper shows that different mineral compositions affect the quality of fresh water pearl.The microscopic characteristics of fresh water pearl were observed by optical microscopy.The mineral compositions were measured by X ray diffraction.The space distribution of mineral in pearl was observed and measured with the most advanced microscopic infrared spectroscopy.The results show that the mineral compositions of fresh water pearl are different from that of sea water pearl,and vaterite has been discovered in the lusterless fresh water pearl for the first time.The high quality fresh water pearls are composed of aragonite,but calcite or vaterite has not been observed.The content of vaterite and aragnite in lusterless pearl varys with the kind of lusterless pearl.The X ray diffraction data of vaterite in fresh water lusterless pearl mainly are 3.226,2.723,3.553,1.811,2.057. The main factors affecting the quality of pearl(color,transparency,luster) are the content of vaterite, the grain size of mineral, the arrangement way of mineral, the space distribution of mineral and the impurity content of pearl lay.