基于遗传算法带约束的翼伞系统归航轨迹设计

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第2期

论文作者:孙青林 陶金 朱二琳 陈增强 贺应平

文章页码:404 - 411

关键词:翼伞系统;归航轨迹优化;遗传算法;罚函数;约束处理;松弛因子

Key words:parafoil system; homing trajectory planning; genetic algorithm; penalty function; constraints handling; relaxation factor

摘    要:翼伞系统归航轨迹设计是一类带约束的最优控制问题,引入一种具有精英策略的遗传算法解决此类问题。为方便使用遗传算法,引入非均匀B样条曲线拟合控制律,将最优控制问题转化为B样条基函数控制顶点的参数优化问题,并针对归航终端等式约束,引入松弛因子将其转化为不等式约束,进而采用静态罚函数法处理。在2种不同初始条件下的归一化模型中进行仿真,并针对实际工程中着陆精度要求设定3种不同的松弛因子。仿真结果表明:使用本文的方法解算出的归航轨迹及其控制信息合理,是符合工程实际需求的一种有效方法。

Abstract: Homing trajectory planning of parafoil system is a kind of optimal control problem with constraints, a kind of genetic algorithm with elite strategy to solve such a problem was introduced. For the convenience of using genetic algorithm, the non-uniform B-spline was adopted to characterize the control law, so as to transform the optimal control problem into a control vertices of B-spline basis function optimization problem. In view of homing terminal equality constraints which can be converted into inequality constraints by relaxation factors, a static penalty function method was introduced. The normalized model under two different initial conditions was simulated, and three kinds of relaxation factors were set according to landing accuracy requirements of practical engineering. The simulation results show that the control information of homing trajectory is reasonable, and it is an effective method which is suitable for practical engineering demands.

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