淬火速率对6016铝合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第12期

论文作者:唐建国 廖培 刘胜胆 叶凌英 涂文斌 张勇 HUANG Yuan-chun(黄元春)

文章页码:2923 - 2931

关键词:淬火速率;6016铝合金;自然时效;人工时效;Mg-Si团簇;析出相

Key words:quenching rate; 6016 alloy; natural aging; artificial aging; Mg-Si cluster; precipitated phase

摘    要:通过对试样进行部分水冷淬火处理,在同一试样不同位置进行取样,采用透射电镜分析、维氏硬度测试及室温拉伸实验等方法,研究淬火速率对6016铝合金薄板显微组织及力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:合金淬火速率越高,自然时效过程中晶内析出的Ⅰ型原子团簇越多,从而T4态的硬度及强度也越高;而在欠时效状态下(180 ℃×1 h),Ⅰ型原子团簇溶解后析出强化相β″,Ⅱ型团簇转化为强化相β″,淬火速率为875.8 ℃/s的材料强化效果最为明显,其他位置试验样品的强化效果则随着淬火速率的降低而降低。当淬火速率为875.8 ℃/s时,材料自然时效14 d后性能仍然稳定,具有良好的塑性及成形性能,其伸长率为36.2%,屈服强度小于140 MPa,应变硬化指数为0.245,人工时效后屈服强度为250.9 MPa,抗拉强度为299 MPa,时效硬化强度为116.7 MPa。

Abstract: By means of partial water quenching and sampling at different positions in the same sheet, the effect of quenching rate on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6016 aluminum alloy was investigated with the aid of transmission electron microscopy(TEM), hardness test and tensile test. The results show that with the quenching rate increasing, the number of Mg-Si cluster(Ⅰ) and the hardness and strength of the samples increase during natural aging. After under aging (180 ℃×1 h), Mg-Si cluster(Ⅰ) dissolves and strengthening phase β″ precipitates and Mg-Si cluster(Ⅱ) transform into strengthening phase β″ particles. The sample whose quenching rate is 875.8 ℃/s shows the best artificial aging hardening response. When the quenching rate is 875.8 ℃/s, the hardness of that sample almost remains unchanged during natural aging for 14 d, the tensile test result shows good ductility and formability i.e, elongation δ is 36.2%, yield strength Rp,0.2<140 MPa, strain hardening exponent n is 0.245. After artificial aging, Rp,0.2 is 250.9 MPa, tensile strength Rm is 299 MPa, artificial aging response is 116.7 MPa.

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