轮毂电机悬架构型分析与优化

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第9期

论文作者:马英 邓兆祥 谢丹

文章页码:3008 - 3015

关键词:电动汽车;轮毂电机;悬架构型;车辆平顺性;优化

Key words:electric vehicle; in-wheel motor; suspension configuration; vehicle ride comfort; optimization

摘    要:为了解决轮毂电机引入电动汽车使车辆垂向性能降低的问题,研究国内外电动车辆轮毂电机的安装方式并分析代表这些安装方式的悬架构型,建立可以综合目前这些轮毂电机悬架构型的1/4电动轮车辆线性振动模型。以车辆平顺性指标的最小均方根值为优化目标,以轮毂电机垂向运动允许的最大位移为约束条件,应用Patternsearch函数对轮毂电机悬架构型进行优化,得到满足样车条件的轮毂电机悬架构型及其参数,最后对优化后的悬架构型进行仿真验证。仿真结果表明:轮毂电机优化后的悬架构型,不仅可以消除轮毂电机与车轮刚性连接对电动车辆产生的垂向负面影响,而且改善不安装轮毂电机的原样车模型的车轮接地性,提高电动汽车的平顺性和安全性。本研究较好地解决电动轮汽车垂向负效应问题,为轮毂电机驱动电动汽车悬架系统构型设计提供一定的理论依据。

Abstract: In order to solve the issue of the low vertical performance on vehicle caused by added in-wheel motors, all kinds of the motor’s installation home and abroad were studied, the motor’s suspension configurations which represented these installation methods were analyzed and the 1/4 electric vehicle’s linear vibration model including all in-wheel motor’s suspension configurations was built. The motor’s suspension configuration was optimized by using the pattern search function based on the optimization target of the minimum root-mean-square values of vehicle ride comfort indexes and the constraint condition of the maximum vertical displacement of the motor in wheel, a better suspension configuration and its parameters meeting the requirement were obtained. Lastly the effect of the optimized suspension configuration was tested and verified by simulation. The results show that the optimized suspension can not only eliminate the vehicle’s negative vertical influence because of the rigid connection between motor and wheel, but also increase the tire’s grounding performance of the original vehicle without in-wheel motor, improving its ride comfort and safety. The research puts forward a better solution to the negative vertical effect and provides theoretical basis for the suspension design of the vehicle driven by in-wheel motors.

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