油藏内源乳化功能微生物对剩余油的微观驱替机理

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第9期

论文作者:宋智勇 朱维耀 田英爱 汪卫东 韩宏彦 宋永亭 李彩风

文章页码:3280 - 3289

关键词:物理模拟;微观可视模型;生物乳化剂;采收率

Key words:physical simulation; microscopic model; bioemulsifier; oil recovery

摘    要:以产乳化剂菌株(Geobacillus stearothermophilus SL-1)为对象,利用微观渗流物理模型模拟油藏条件(65 ℃,10 MPa),研究该菌株对剩余油的驱替作用和机理。通过对比其与菌群的综合作用,揭示乳化功能菌对整体驱油效果的贡献;通过对比外源发酵与内源激活2种方式对剩余油驱替效果的差异,揭示生命活动的独特驱油机理。研究结果表明:该微生物及其代谢产物能够有效乳化分散剩余油,促进其剥离与渗流;该产物促使原油分散形成的油水乳液黏度较原油的原始黏度提高2~70倍,有助于改善深部孔隙的油水流度比、增大波及体积;并能够改变孔隙壁面的润湿性,提高膜状剩余油的驱替效果;模型内激活的微生物依靠特有的界面趋向性和原位代谢,比外源发酵方式多采出21%的盲端剩余油,包括化学驱无法波及的深层盲端。依靠上述机理提高微观模型总采收率达11.2%~13.5%。

Abstract: A strain producing emulsifier, Geobacillus stearothermophilus SL-1, was isolated from community of oil reservoir and chosen as target species. A microscopic seepage model was used to simulate reservoir environment and to determine the displacement effect and mechanism of on residual oil by the strain. The oil displacement mechanisms between G. stearothermophilus SL-1 and indigenous microbial community was contrasted; meanwhile, the different of displacement phenomena and mechanism between activating microbial in model and flooding with fermentation broth was studied intensively for illustrating the unique property of microbial flooding. The results show that the product of this strain can efficiently emulsify the residual oil to improve flow capacity. The viscosity of emulsion increased by 7-20 times than the crude oil, therefore, the enhancement of mobility ratio can shift the flow into the edges where flooding could not reach. Moreover, the wettability of surface of solid is altered, and the oil displacement in membranes and blind ends are improved. Particularly, the oil recovery in blind end is improved by 21%, due to the unique characteristics of cells activated in the model, such as chemotaxis and in-situ metabolism, which is absent in chemical displacement. In general, the oil recovery in the whole model increases by 11.2%-13.5%.

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