制备条件对Ni(OH)2微晶结构参数的影响
来源期刊：中国有色金属学报1999年第3期
论文作者：王超群 任小华 蒋文全 周辉 贺万宁
文章页码：504 - 509
关键词：氢氧化镍；微晶结构参数；各向异性谱线宽化；电化学活性；利用率
Key words：nickel hydroxide; structural parameters of microcrystals; anisotropic spectro-line broadening; utilization efficiency; electrochemistry activity
摘 要：用化学共沉淀法在可控pH值、添加剂和加氨水等条件下由NiSO4和NaOH反应结晶制备了氢氧化镍粉末。高性能的球形氢氧化镍颗粒系由带微孔的微晶组成的，其X射线谱线呈各向异性宽化，其中(h0l)型谱线宽化最为严重。各向异性谱线宽化的性质与氢氧化镍中微晶结构特性有关(尤其是整个材料中存在着堆垛层错平面缺陷)。通过X射线衍射测量的微晶结构参数如微晶粒度、晶格常数a与c 轴的大小以及(100)、(001)谱线强度等，可以用于建立其与制备工艺和电化学活性之间的关系。一般在较低的结晶度和(100)谱线强度下以及较大的c 轴下可以获得较好的电化学活性。
Abstract: A high performance nickel hydroxide,β-Ni (OH)2 powder was produced by chemical coprecipitating process using NiSO4 and NaOH solution under highly controlled pH-values and adding to aqueous ammonia as a complexing agent. The apparently spherical Ni(OH)2 particles consisted of many microcrystals and its diffraction patterns display anisotropic broadening, i. e. most of (h0l) and (00l) type line broadening, a few of (h00) type line broadening. The line broadening properties are closely related to the microcrystal orientation growth character in β-Ni (OH)2 preparation process. The utilization of the Ni (OH)2 active mass in an alkaline storage battery could be correlated to the crystalline parameters of microcrystals as determined by X-ray diffraction measurements, i. e. the smaller crystal size both in a- and c- directions, the larger c-lattice constant and the lower crystallinity led to the higher utilization ratio.
