Biomimetic Design and Test of Composite Materials

Benlian ZHOU International Centre for Materials Physics,Institute of Metal Research,Academia Sinica,Shenyang,110015,China

摘 要：<正> A series of superior properties will make composites the most important structural materials in thenext century.But they are difficult to design owing to the complexity of structure and processing.Biomaterials had been naturally selected and evolved for millions of years,a great variety of their ra-tional composite structures could be taken as our reference in the biomimetic design of compositematerials.There are many difficult problems in the current study on composite materials such as:brittleness of continuous fibers and difficulties in interface design;easy pull-out of short fibers frommatrix causing failure in reinforcing;being less easy in selecting the aspect ratio of whiskers and dif-ficulties in finding the way of toughening composites of ceramic matrices as well as the way of heal-ing inner damages.After describing the distinct composite features,the functional adaptability andself-healing ability of biomaterials,several examples o.f biomimetic design of composite materialshave been listed in this paper:the optimum design of composites simulating bamboo structure;thefine structure of bamboo fibers;the dumb-bell model simulating animal bone;the model on thepull-out of fiber with fractal-tree structure and some tentative works on the healing of inner damagein composite materials The methodology of biomimetic design and its future have been given at theast part of this paper.

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