用MATLAB编程求解Zn(Ⅱ)-NH4Cl-NH3-H2O体系热力学模型

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2005年第5期

论文作者:巨少华 唐谟堂 杨声海

文章页码:821 - 827

关键词:MATLAB语言;编程;热力学模型;配位化学;湿法冶金热力学;锌氨配合物

Key words:MATLAB language; programming; thermodynamic model; complex chemistry;hydrometallurgical thermodynamics; zinc ammonia complex

摘    要:应用MATALAB语言编写程序建立Zn(Ⅱ)-NH4Cl-NH3-H2O体系的多元非线性热力学模型并求解其热力学关系。模型中共有pH值、游离氨浓度、总氨浓度、溶液中总锌浓度、总氯浓度和游离氯离子浓度6个变量,共有锌量、氨量、氯量和电荷平衡4个方程。根据电算指数法,模型中各离子浓度之间服从对数和指数关系。输入需求解的方程及其边界条件,求出总氨浓度和总氯浓度分别在0~10 mol/L范围内变化时,其他未知数随之变化的关系,并绘制各种重要的热力学关系图,包括各种立体图和二维图。对用MATLAB求解模型和用BASIC求解模型的所得结果以及与氧化锌溶解度实验所得结果之间的差异进行分析。结果表明,用MATLAB编程求解冶金多元非线性热力学模型,过程简单,所得结果精确可靠,根据计算所得数值可方便地绘制成各种图形,便于进行冶金分析。

Abstract: Using MATLAB programming, a nonlinear mathematical thermodynamics model of Zn(Ⅱ)-NH4Cl-NH3-H2O system was set up. In this model, there are altogether 6 variables: pH value, concentration of Cl-, concentration of NH3, total concentration of Zn2+, total concentration of Cl-, and total concentration of NH3; and 4 equilibrium equations: the quantum equilibrium of total concentration of Zn2+, total concentration of Cl-, total concentration of NH3and electric charge equilibrium. According to the exponential computation method, the analytical expression between the concentration of complex species and those of the coordinated compounds is in the form of exponent and logarithm. With the concentrate of total NH3and total Cl-, respectively in range of 0 10 mol/L, inputting the equations and boundary conditions in the programs, the values of other four unknowns are obtained, according to which various valuable figures of thermodynamic relation are protracted also using MATLAB, including two and three dimensions figures, which show the intuitionistic thermodynamic characteristics of the system. These figures supply the theoretic conference for optimizing the ratio of leaching reagents and even the purification of the leaching solution during the ammonia leaching process. Finally, the relative errors of these theoretic calculation with the experimental values of zinc oxide solubility in the system are analyzed. The results show that using MATLAB programming to solve the nonlinear mathematical thermodynamics model with multi-members of complex solution system is laconic, and the results are precise and reliable. And the value obtained can be conveniently protracted into varies valuable figures, which can be used in hydrometallurgy analysis.

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