铁铝共生矿熔分还原过程矿相转变行为

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2021年第2期

论文作者:于海燕 张继豪 潘晓林 魏伯文 毕诗文

文章页码:433 - 443

关键词:铁铝共生矿;熔分还原;氧化铝浸出;铝酸钙;自粉

Key words:iron-aluminum symbiotic ore; melting reduction; alumina leaching; calcium aluminate; pulverization

摘    要:本文基于“非高炉提铁-铝酸钙渣提铝”工艺,以铁铝共生矿预还原球团为原料,系统研究了温度、时间、碳氧比(C/O)和钙铝比(C/A)对熔分还原过程铁铝矿相生成转变行为和铝酸钙渣氧化铝浸出性能的影响。结果表明:当熔分温度高于1500 ℃时渣铁分离效果良好,且能获得自粉性能良好的铝酸钙渣;C/O过高不利于铁相聚集。在本文试验条件范围内,熔分还原条件对铝酸钙渣矿相种类影响不大,主要为12CaO·7Al2O3、γ-2CaO·SiO2,并含有少量β-2CaO·SiO2、2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2、3CaO·2FeO·3SiO2和20CaO·13Al2O3·3MgO·3SiO2。随着熔分温度和碳氧比的升高,铝酸钙渣中12CaO·7Al2O3含量逐渐降低,2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2含量逐渐增加,导致其氧化铝浸出率降低;随着C/A的升高,12CaO·7Al2O3含量逐渐增加,2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2含量显著降低,提高了铝酸钙渣的氧化铝浸出率,但当C/A提高到1.8以上时,3CaO·Al2O3的生成会导致氧化铝浸出率降低。熔分还原最佳条件为温度1500 ℃、时间30 min、C/O=0.6、C/A=1.7,此时渣铁分离效果良好,铝酸钙渣氧化铝浸出率达到89.03%。

Abstract: Based on the new technology of “non-blast furnace to extraction and calcium aluminate slag to extract alumina”, the effects of temperature, time, carbon-oxygen ratio(C/O) and calcium-aluminum ratio(C/A) on the formation and transformation behavior as well as the alumina leaching performance of calcium aluminate slag in the smelting reduction process were studied. The results show that when the melting temperature is higher than 1500 ℃, the separation performance of slag and iron is good, and the calcium aluminate slag with good self-pulverization performance can be obtained. Over high C/O value is not conducive to the aggregation of iron phase. The smelting reduction conditions have little effect on the mineral types of calcium aluminate slag, which mainly includes 12CaO·7Al2O3, γ-2CaO·SiO2, and a small amount of β-2CaO·SiO2, 2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2, 3CaO·2FeO·3SiO2 and 20CaO·13Al2O3·3MgO·3SiO2. With the increase of melting temperature and C/O value, the contents of 12CaO·7Al2O3 and 2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2 in calcium aluminate slag decrease, which result in the decrease of alumina leaching rate. With the increase of C/A value, the content of 12CaO·7Al2O3 increases, and the content of 2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2 decreases significantly, which improves the alumina leaching rate of calcium aluminate slag; but when C/A value increases to more than 1.8, the formation of 3CaO·Al2O3 decreases the alumina leaching rate. The optimum conditions of smelting reduction are as follows: temperature of 1500 ℃, time of 30 min, C/O value of 0.6, C/A value of 1.7. At this time, the separation of slag and iron is good, and the alumina leaching rate of calcium aluminate slag reaches 89.03%.

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