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the processes of formation, growth, sliding, detachment and coalescence. However, the bubble generated at the middle of anode detaches rapidly from the anode surface and moves upward and collides with other......
; are 0.982, 0.189, -0.097 and -0.992, respectively. Analysis of the unreacted and reacted sulfide particles by SEM-EDS shows that insensitive agitation in the reactor causes detachment of the sulfur layer......
against sliding stresses and giving rise to the instability and easy detachment of tribolayer as large delaminated debris. The friction results also revealed that Fe slightly decreased the average......
(1) 式中:λ为铜的导热系数;dT为冷凝板测温点温差;dx为测温点间距. 由热流密度和测温点与壁面间距可计算冷凝壁温.根据壁面温度和蒸汽温度之差可得到表面过冷度.换热系数h可通过下式计算: (2) 式中:Ts为蒸汽温度;Tw为壁温;△T为表面过冷度. 实验中,温度测量结果的最大不确定度为0.2 K,距离测量结果的最大不确定度为0.02 mm.通过不确定度理论[19]可计算出q和h的最大不确定度,分别为7.60%和9.33%. 2 实验结果与分析 2.1 表面黏附性对冷凝传热的影响 常压下,3类表面冷凝换热系数和热流密度随过冷度变化如图3所示.由图3(a)可看出:各表面换热系数均随过冷度增大而......
failure mechanism. In the SEM image shown in Fig.3, acquisition by backscattered electrons enhances the contrast between DLC (black) and uncoated chromium (white) and points out that the DLC detachment... detachment, which starts with DLC fracture by buckling around the cracks and propagates through the compressive action of the counter-body asperities against the free edges of the DLC film......
circuiting transfer phenomena often occurred in this mode if the droplet radius was too large. Fig.2 Droplet detachment of plasma-MIG welding with globular transfer mode Fig.3 Welding...) with globular transfer mode Fig.5 Droplet detachment of plasma-MIG welding with short circuiting transfer mode Fig.6 Welding current and voltage in plasma-MIG with short circuiting transfer mode......
; (4) The nucleation site density n and the bubble detachment diameter dbw can be given by Eqs. (5) and (6...; (5) (6) The bubble detachment frequency f in Eqs......
of the grain boundaries resulting in a detachment of grains from the Y2O3 coating. Microstructural evidence for such detachment processes is shown in Fig. 2(a) (marked by arrows) where the outer parts of the Y2O3 layer contact with the melt detach and float into the melt, and very similar detachment events have been reported for the interaction between the Al or Zn-Al melts and the Fe2Al5 layer [17-18......
scars and the amount of particle detachment was also reduced. By comparison, it was found that the depth of particle detachment on the surface of the cladding layer was less than that of the substrate. From observing the particle shedding behavior during the initial stage of fretting wear, multi-path crack bifurcation occurred during the crack propagation process, but the particle detachment......
between the two kinds of contact counter-pairs. The "U" type variation of the area of Ft-D curves for the titanium alloy may be induced by the plastic deformation, work-hardening and detachment... (MFR) As shown in Fig.10(a), clear trace of the plastic deformation flow and severe detachment could be observed on the scar of the Ti6Al4V alloy, which induced the highest peak of the COF......