湘江长株潭段底泥重金属污染现状评价

朱余银^{1, 2}，戴塔根¹，吴堑虹¹

(1. 中南大学 地球科学与信息物理学院，湖南 长沙，410083；
2. 西南科技大学 环境与资源学院，四川 绵阳，621010)

摘 要：采用地积累指数法和潜在生态危害指数法从不同角度对湘江长株潭段底泥中的重金属污染进行分析评价。研究结果表明：对照全国土壤环境Ⅲ级质量标准和长株潭地区土壤背景值，重金属超标情况类似，Cd，As，Zn，Pb和Cu的含量峰值均在霞湾江段；各种重金属的污染程度从大到小的排序为：Cd，Zn，As，Pb，Ni，Cu和Cr；重金属的潜在生态危害系数从大到小的顺序为：Cd，As，Pb，Zn，Cu和Cr(Pb与Zn的相当)，其中，Cd的影响起决定作用。

关键词：底泥；重金属污染；地积累指数；潜在生态风险；湘江长株潭段

Assessment on heavy metals contamination in sediments of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan section of Xiangjiang River

ZHU Yu-yin^{1, 2}, DAI Ta-gen¹, WU Qian-hong¹

(1. School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;
2. School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China)

Abstract:The evaluation of heavy metal pollution degree in the sediments Chang-Zhu-Tan section of the Xiangjiang River was carried out by the index of geoaccumulation (I_geo) and the potential ecological risk index (R_I) from different perspectives. The results indicate that according to the national soil environmental quality Ⅲ class standard and the soil background values of Chang-Zhu-Tan area, heavy metal contamination is the situation in similar to exceeding the standard level. The peak contents of Cd, As, Zn, Pb and Cu are all in Xiawan section of the Xiangjiang River. The descending order of pollution degree of various metals is (from large to small) Cd, Zn, As, Pb, Ni, Cu and Cr; and the potential ecological risk intensity caused by different metals is (from large to small) Cd, As, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr (the risk intensity of Pb and Zn is similar), and Cd is the predominant element among them.

Key words:sediments; heavy metals contamination; index of geoaccumulation; potential ecological risk; Chang-Zhu-Tan section of the Xiangjiang River