聚苯胺纳米纤维的界面聚合法合成及电化学电容行为

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2007年第6期

论文作者:赖延清 卢海 张治安 李晶 李劼 刘业翔

文章页码:1110 - 1114

关键词:聚苯胺;纳米纤维;界面聚合;超级电容器

Key words:polyaniline; nanofiber; interfacial polymerization; supercapacitor

摘    要:利用盐酸和四氯化碳的水/油两相界面,通过界面聚合法合成具有良好纳米纤维结构的聚苯胺,用这种聚苯胺纳米纤维为活性物质制备电极,以1 mol/L H2SO4水溶液为电解液组装超级电容器,通过恒电流充放电、循环伏安、交流阻抗等技术研究其电化学电容行为。研究结果表明,合成的聚苯胺的直径为50~100 nm,长度为500 nm至几微米不等,且纤维之间相互交织缠绕,形成网状形貌;聚苯胺纳米纤维电极材料的功率特性与循环性能优于用传统化学氧化法合成的颗粒状聚苯胺材料的性能,在5 mA放电电流下,其比电容可达317 F/g,20 mA放电电流下比电容仍维持300 F/g左右,500次循环容量衰减在4%以内。

Abstract: Polyaniline (PANI) powders were prepared by interfacial polymerization which utilized the interface between HCl and CCl4. Symmetric redox supercapacitor was assembled with the PANI nanofibers as active electrode material and 1 mol/L H2SO4 aqueous solution as electrolyte. The electrochemical performances of the supercapacitor were tested with galvanostatic charge-discharge, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the PANI powders are composed of highly uniform nanofibers whose average diameter is 50-100 nm and the lengths range from 500 nm up to several micrometers. The specific capacitance of the PANI nanofiber electrode is about 317 F/g and 300 F/g, respectively when the charge-discharge current is 5 mA and 20 mA, respectively; Meanwhile, the PANI nanofiber electrode shows that the capacity decay is less than 4% after 500 charge-discharge cycles. Compared with PANI particle prepared by conventional chemical polymerization, the PANI nanofiber material has better power characteristic and cycle performance in the application of supercapacitor.

基金信息:湖南省自然科学基金资助项目

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