水下搅拌摩擦加工纯铜及其合金的显微组织演变和摩擦性能

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报(英文版)2020年第4期

论文作者:A. MOAREF A. RABIEZADEH

文章页码:972 - 981

关键词:铜合金;搅拌摩擦加工;水下;磨损;显微组织

Key words:copper alloy; friction stir processing; underwater; wear; microstructure

摘    要:对工业纯铜(纯度99.8%)和铜锌合金(黄铜)进行水下搅拌摩擦加工。搅拌摩擦加工的刀具呈螺纹锥状,由碳化钨制成,其转速为1800 r/min,横移速度为4 mm/min,将试样浸泡在带循环系统的水箱中。为了评估加工次数对样品显微组织和力学性能的影响,进行6道次加工。采用光学显微镜对商业纯铜样品的显微组织进行研究,结果表明,加工后材料的晶粒尺寸明显减小。同时,样品横截面的硬度较母材增高。水下搅拌摩擦加工样品的X射线衍射谱与母金属的相比,其峰值更短、更宽,谱的背景增大,表明形成非晶/超细晶组织。采用针-盘法对试样的磨损行为进行研究,结果表明,与母材相比,加工后试样的摩擦因数降低。磨损和硬度试验结果表明,水下搅拌摩擦加工可显著提高工业纯铜和黄铜的耐磨性和硬度。

Abstract: Underwater friction stir processing was performed on commercially pure copper with a purity of 99.8% and a copper-zinc alloy (brass). The tool was made of tungsten carbide in the threaded cone form. Friction stir processing was performed at a tool rotational speed of 1800 r/min and a tool transverse speed of 4 mm/min while the samples were immersed in a water tank with a water circulation system. In order to evaluate the effect of the number of process passes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples, this process was continued for up to 6 passes. Microscopic studies using light microscopy on commercially pure copper samples show significant decrease in grain size. Likewise, the hardness of the cross-sectional area shows an increase more than the base metal. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the underwater friction stir processed samples in comparison to that of the base metal exhibits shorter and wider peaks, while the background of the pattern is increased. The sum of these factors represents the formation of an amorphous/ultrafine grained structure. Also, the wear behavior of the samples was investigated by means of pin-on-disk method and the results show that the friction coefficient of processed samples is decreased compared to that of the base metal. The results of wear and hardness tests show that the underwater friction stir processing can significantly improve the wear resistance and hardness of commercially pure copper and brass.

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