夏热冬冷地区居住建筑基于热舒适的热环境评价指标

肖坚¹，周晋²，徐峰¹，张国强¹

(1. 湖南大学 建筑学院，湖南 长沙，410082；
2. 湖南大学 土木工程学院，湖南 长沙，410082)

摘 要：提出1个基于热舒适的居住建筑室内热环境评价指标。该指标以夏热冬冷地区冬夏季热不舒适温度出现频率为基础，通过对比冬、夏季室内外热不舒适度来获得室内热环境评价。通过窗墙比、屋面保温、外墙保温和外窗水平遮阳4种情况共37个算例的模拟分析，研究该评价指标的影响因素。研究结果表明：该评价指标能较准确地反映出建筑围护结构变化对室内热环境带来的长期影响，还可以此对比不同围护结构下建筑的节能性。

关键词：夏热冬冷地区；居住建筑；评价指标；热舒适；室内热环境

Evaluation index for indoor thermal environment of residential buildings based on thermal comfort in hot summer and cold winter zone

XIAO Jian¹, ZHOU Jin², XU Feng¹, ZHANG Guo-qiang¹

(1. College of Architecture, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
2. College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China)

Abstract:A new evaluation index about indoor thermal comfort of residential buildings was provided, which was based on frequency distribution of uncomfortable temperatures occurring in summer and winter in hot summer and cold winter zone, and thermal environment was built by the comparision of indoor and outdoor thermal uncomfort index. The four main factors on this index, i.e., building envelopes and glazing ratio, roofing pasting EPS board, external wall pasting EPS board and outdoor horizontal shading were studied by means of soft simulation for 37 cases. The results show that it is accurate for this index to reflect corresponding influences of indoor thermal environment resulting from building envelope changes. It can also be used to test energy saving strategies of residential buildings with different building envelopes.

Key words:hot summer and cold winter zone; residential building; evaluation index; thermal comfort; indoor thermal environment