套筒式力臂补偿器对短棒料V型槽尖端起裂的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2021年第5期

论文作者:张立军 杨宁 张军伟 郭伟健 赵升吨 王智伟 田玉臣

文章页码:1482 - 1493

关键词:短棒料下料;套筒式力臂补偿器;裂纹起裂;V型槽

Key words:short bar cropping; sleeve-type force arm compensator; crack initiation; V-shaped notch

摘    要:针对短棒料在低应力下料中加载力臂过短的难题,提出一种套筒式力臂补偿方法。采用扩展有限元法(XFEM)研究套筒式力臂补偿器参数对短棒料V型槽尖端起裂力、起裂位置、起裂角和起裂前最大Mises应力的影响,并提出短棒料下料断面的起裂质量评价方法。研究结果表明:当增长力臂L4≤20 mm时,V型槽尖端所需起裂力随L4增大而逐渐减小,且起裂角在10°左右变化;当L4≥20 mm时,起裂力的变化稳中有降,变化幅度较小,但起裂角逐渐增大。套筒厚度H对V型槽应力集中效应的影响明显,当H≤4 mm时,V型槽尖端Mises应力随H增大逐渐增大;当H≥4 mm时,Mises应力随H增大逐渐减小。夹持力臂L3对V型槽应力集中效应的影响不明显。直径为13~18 mm、长度为20~25 mm的短棒料的套筒式力臂补偿器的合理参数为L3=18 mm,L4=20 mm,H=4 mm。这种补偿器有利于短棒料V型槽的尖端起裂,起裂衔接系数高,起裂偏距小,且起裂角明显减小。

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the loading force arm of short bar is too short in the low-stress cropping, a method of sleeve-type force arm compensation was proposed. The effects of sleeve-type force arm compensator parameters on the cracking force, cracking position, cracking angle and maximum Mises stress of V-shaped notch tip of short bar before cracking were studied by using XFEM method. An evaluation method of section cracking quality of short bars was proposed. The results show that when the increased force arm L4 is ≤20 mm, the required cracking force at tip of V-shaped notch gradually decreases with the increase of L4, and the cracking angle changes about 10°. After L4≥20 mm, the cracking force decreases in a small range, but the cracking angle gradually increases. The thickness H has a significant effect on the stress concentration of V-shaped notch. When H is ≤4 mm, the Mises stress at tip of V-shaped notch gradually increases with the increase of H; when H is ≥4 mm, the Mises stress gradually decreases. The effect of clamping arm L3 on the stress concentration of V-shaped notch is not obvious. The reasonable parameters of the sleeve-type force arm compensator for short bars with a diameter of 13-18 mm and length of 20-25 mm are as follows: L3 =18 mm, L4 =20 mm and H =4 mm. The compensator is beneficial to crack initiation at the tip of V-shaped notch of short bars, the cracking cohesion coefficient is high, the cracking deviation distance is small, and the cracking angle is obviously reduced.

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