头部主型线变化对列车隧道交会气动性能的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第2期

论文作者:刘堂红 周细赛 陈争卫 陈晓栋 谢台中 李文辉

文章页码:493 - 502

关键词:头部外形;高速列车;主型线;隧道;交会;气动性能

Key words:head shape; high-speed train; outlines of head; tunnel; intersection; aerodynamic performance

摘    要:基于三维、可压缩、非定常N-S方程和k-ε双方程湍流模型,对不同主型线头部列车隧道交会气动效应进行数值模拟,得到列车在隧道内交会时的侧向力、总阻力以及隧道壁面压力变化。研究结果表明:隧道壁面和列车表面压力测点数值计算结果与动模型实验、实车试验结果较吻合,相对误差均在5%以下;单拱型列车隧道交会气动性能略优于双拱型;纵剖面型线对列车隧道交会气动力影响较大,纵剖面型线从下凹变化到上凸,头车、中间车和尾车侧向力幅值系数分别增加11.2%,14.0%和23.7%,最大总阻力系数增加7.2%;水平剖面型线从最宽外形变化到最窄外形,头车、中间车和尾车侧向力幅值系数分别增加3.4%,2.4%和4.6%,最大总阻力系数减小4.0%;改变头部主型线对隧道壁面压力变化影响较小,最大相对误差为1.7%。

Abstract: Numerical simulation method based on the three-dimensional, compressible, unsteady N-S equations and k-ε double-equation turbulence model was used to study the influence of head outlines on aerodynamic effect of two trains intersecting in a tunnel, and the changes of the side force, resistance force and pressure on tunnel wall were obtained. The results show that the pressure values obtained by the present numerical method are in good agreement with those of the model-scaled test and full-scale experiment, and their relative error is both less than 5%. The aerodynamic effect caused by the single-arched train is slightly better than that of the double-arched train. The outline of head longitudinal section has a large impact on the aerodynamic forces induced by two trains passing by each other in a tunnel. When it changes from concave to convex, the side force amplitude coefficients of head car, the middle car and tail car are increased by 11.2%, 14.0% and 23.7%, respectively, and the maximum total resistance force coefficient is increased by 7.2%. When the outline of head horizontal section changes from the wide shape to the narrow shape, the side force amplitude coefficients of head car, the middle car and tail car are increased by 3.4%, 2.4% and 4.6%, respectively, but the maximum total resistance force coefficient is reduced by 4.0%. The change of head outlines has little effect on the tunnel wall pressure variations, and the maximum difference is 1.7%.

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