生物法还原高浓度高氯酸盐动力学及反应条件的优化

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第11期

论文作者:吴敏 王帅锋 高乃云 朱延平 李硕 朱思瑞

文章页码:3958 - 3965

关键词:高氯酸盐;高质量浓度;高氯酸盐还原菌;动力学;优化

Key words:perchlorate; high mass concentration; perchlorate reducing bacteria; kinetics; optimization

摘    要:在高质量浓度高氯酸盐ClO4-(1 500 mg/L) 的条件下,驯化得到能够处理高质量浓度ClO4- 废水的异养厌氧高氯酸盐还原菌群。通过摇床实验,用控制变量法探究初始ClO4-质量浓度(0~1 500 mg/L)、乙酸钠质量浓度(0~11.83 g/L)、pH(5.55~9.00)、温度(15~40 ℃)、共存离子SO42-质量浓度(0~26.0 g/L)和NO3-质量浓度(0~3.9 g/L) 对高质量浓度ClO4-生物还原性能的影响,确定最佳的反应条件。结果表明:最大比去除速率qmax和半饱和常数Ks分别为0.89 (mg·mg)/h和141.6 mg/L,驯化的高氯酸盐还原菌群具有处理高质量浓度ClO4-的潜力;在初始ClO4-质量浓度为1 300 mg/L时,乙酸钠的最佳投加量、最适pH和最适温度分别为6.5 g/L,35 ℃和6.85,常见共存离子SO42-和NO3-都会不同程度的抑制ClO4-的还原,且NO3-对ClO4-还原的抑制作用远高于SO42-。驯化污泥中,Dechloromonas sp. 是ClO4-还原微生物的优势种属,占总菌的69.32%。

Abstract: To treat wastewater containing high-mass concentration perchlorate (ClO4-), heterotrophic and perchlorate-reducing bacteria were obtained by acclimating anaerobic activated sludge grown on high-mass concentration perchlorate (1 500 mg/L) feed medium. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the kinetics of biological high- mass concentration perchlorate reduction and the effect of initial perchlorate mass concentrations (50-1 500 mg/L), acetate mass concentrations (1.69~11.83 g/L), pH (5.55-9.00), temperature (15-40 ℃), common coexistence SO42- (0-26.0 g/L) and NO3- (0-3.9 g/L) on perchlorate reduction. The results show that the maximum specific perchlorate reduction rate (qmax) and half saturation constant (Ks) are 0.89 (mg·mg)/h and 141.6 mg/L, respectively, which indicates that the cultures enriched are effective at treating high-strength perchlorate wastewater. Under the selected conditions, namely 6.5 g/L acetate (the mass concentration ratio of CH3COONa to ClO4- is 6), initial pH 6.85 and 35 ℃, 1 300 mg/L perchlorate can be rapidly reduced to non-detectable levels within 24 h. Both common coexistence SO42- and NO3- can inhibit the rate and extent of perchlorate reduction, especially NO3-. The dominant perchlorate reducing bacteria in the consortium is Dechloromonas sp. (69.32%).

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