接触线用Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce合金的电滑动磨损性能

贾淑果^{1, 2}，苏娟华¹，宋克兴1，任凤章¹，刘 平¹

(1. 河南科技大学 材料科学与工程学院，洛阳 471003；
2. 河南省有色金属材料科学与加工技术重点实验室，洛阳 471039)

摘 要：采用真空感应熔炼炉制备Cu-Ag、Cu-Ag-Zr以及Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce合金，利用自制且能模拟接触线实际运行工况的载流磨损试验机对各不同合金线材的电滑动磨损性能进行研究，并借助扫描电镜对磨损前后Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce合金的组织形貌进行分析。结果表明：Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce线材的磨损率随着加载电流和滑行距离的增大而增大；粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和电侵蚀磨损是Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce线材电滑动磨损的主要机制。在同种实验条件下，Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce线材的耐磨性能优于Cu-Ag-Zr和Cu-Ag合金的耐磨性能，相同实验条件下Cu-Ag 合金的磨损率为Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce和Cu-Ag-Zr合金磨损率的2~ 4倍。

关键词：Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce合金；电滑动磨损；接触线；接触滑板

Electrical sliding wear property of Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce alloy for contact wire

JIA Shu-guo^{1, 2}, SU Juan-hua¹, SONG Ke-xing¹, REN Feng-zhang¹, LIU Ping¹

(1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China;
2. Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Nonferrous Metals, Luoyang 471039, China)

Abstract:Cu-Ag, Cu-Ag-Zr and Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce alloys were produced by using a vacuum induction furnace. The electrical sliding wear properties of different alloys wires were studied by a self-made sliding wear tester that can simulate the tribological conditions of sliding current collectors on contact wires. The morphologies of Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce alloy before and after wear were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The results show that the wear rate of the Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce alloy increases with increasing electrical current and sliding distance. The adhesive wear, abrasive wear and electrical erosion are the dominant mechanisms of the Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce alloy during the electrical sliding processes. Compared with Cu-Ag and Cu-Ag-Zr alloys under the same test condition, Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce alloy has much better wear resistance. The wear rate of the Cu-Ag alloy is 2-4 times as large as that of Cu-Ag-Zr and Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce alloys.

Key words:Cu-Ag-Zr-Ce alloy; electrical sliding wear; contact wire; contact strip