进给驱动机构轴向振动与滚珠丝杠滚振研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2013年第10期

论文作者:周勇 许学三 王国贤 曹小华

文章页码:4069 - 4074

关键词:滚珠丝杠;进给驱动;轴向振动;滚振

Key words:ball screw; feed drive; axial vibration; rolling vibration

摘    要:考虑扭转和轴向振动的滚珠丝杠副进给驱动机构建立动力学模型,对其固有动力学特性进行数值计算,提出进给驱动系统复杂振动中滚振的概念。利用MATLAB和ADAMS软件建立滚珠丝杠副进给驱动系统机电联合仿真平台,利用高分辨率旋转编码器和直线光栅尺等建立其动力学特性实验平台,对系统轴向和扭转动力学特性进行仿真分析与实验测量。实验结果表明:进给驱动机构第一阶模态在移动部件轴向振动的同时还存在滚珠丝杠的滚振,此滚振虽不会引起丝杠的扭转变形,但因其包含在伺服控制环之内,且频率较低、能量较大,会严重限制伺服控制带宽并影响其稳定性,在高性能进给驱动系统的设计中必须对此加以重视。

Abstract: A dynamic model of the ball screw feed drives including torsional and axial vibrations was built and the natural dynamical characteristics of the system were numerically calculated. Then, the conception of rolling vibration was proposed to characterize an important part of the complex vibrations of the feed drives. A mechatronic integrated simulation framework of the ball screw feed drive system was built using MATLAB and ADAMS softwares and an experimental platform of dynamic characteristics including high resolution rotary encoder and linear encoder was established, which allows performing simulation analysis and field measuring to investigate the system dynamics in terms of torsional and axial vibrations. The results indicate that the ball screw’s rolling vibration is existent within the first mode of the feed drive system accompanying with the movable parts’ axial vibration. Although it does not cause ball screw’s torsional deformations, the rolling vibration shall seriously restrict the bandwidth of the servo control system and affect the system stability since it is contained within the servo control loop and possesses low frequency and high energy. The rolling vibration characteristics should be paid great attention in designing high performance feed drive systems.

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