风光互补发电系统的监督预测协调控制

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第10期

论文作者:马苗苗 邵黎阳 潘军军 于少远

文章页码:2602 - 2610

关键词:风光互补发电系统; 模型预测控制; 监督预测控制; 风能; 太阳能

Key words:wind/solar hybrid generation systems; model predictive control; supervisory predictive control; wind energy; solar energy

摘    要:针对风光互补发电系统的功率平衡与经济调度问题,基于模型预测控制理论提出一种监督协调控制方法。首先,针对风力发电的非线性特征,设计滑模变结构控制器,使其在全工况下可以很好地响应负荷变化;其次,设计光伏发电的滑模变结构控制器,对其进行最大功率点控制,提高光伏子系统的转换效率,降低光伏发电成本。在此基础上,基于风力发电优先、光伏发电配合、必要时蓄电池补充的原则,选择合理的目标函数,设计监督预测控制器进行协调控制,将监督预测控制器的输出作为各子系统的参考输入,对系统进行智能管理。研究结果表明:在复杂的气象条件和变负荷扰动下,所提出的监督预测控制方法可以合理地分配子系统的输出功率,既可满足负载的需求,还可限制子系统输出功率的过大波动,保护发电设备。

Abstract: A supervisory predictive coordinated control method was proposed for the power balance and economic dispatch problems of wind/solar energy generation systems based on model predictive control theory. First of all, based on the highly nonlinear feature of the wind generation system, the sliding mode controllers for it were designed to satisfy the load power demand in the full operating conditions. Then, a sliding mode variable structure sub-controller was proposed based on the control of the maximum power point tracking for the photovoltaic cells. It improved the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells and decreased the cost of solar generation systems. The reasonable optimization objective function of supervisory predictive controller was selected based on the principle that the wind subsystem was operated as the primary generation system, while the solar subsystem was considered as the auxiliary generation system and the battery bank was only activated when the wind/solar subsystem could not satisfy the power demand. The designed supervisory predictive controller computed the power references for the wind and solar subsystems and the power references were sent to two local controllers which drove the two subsystems to the power references. The results show that the proposed supervisory predictive control method can allocate the output power of subsystems reasonably under varied environment conditions, which can not only satisfy the load demand but also limit excessive fluctuations of output power to protect the power generation equipment.

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