铜渣转底炉直接还原磁选与熔分工艺比较

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第10期

论文作者:孙体昌 曹志成 薛逊 刘占华

文章页码:2565 - 2572

关键词:铜渣;转底炉;磁选;燃气熔分;能耗

Key words:copper slag; rotary hearth furnace; magnetic separation; gas smelting; energy consumption

摘    要:以国内某典型铜渣为研究对象,进行转底炉直接还原-磁选工艺与转底炉直接还原-燃气熔分工艺的对比研究。首先通过基础试验确定最佳的反应参数,在此基础上进行中试扩大试验,并揭示铜渣转底炉直接还原过程机理,最后对它们的能耗进行计算与对比分析。研究结果表明:经过转底炉直接还原,铜渣中的铁橄榄石Fe2SiO4和磁铁矿Fe3O4相转变为含有金属铁Fe、二氧化硅SiO2和少量辉石相Ca(Fe,Mg)Si2O6的金属化球团,铁颗粒聚集长大形成铁连晶,具备通过磨选或熔分进行进一步富集的条件。金属化球团通过磨选工艺获得的金属铁粉TFe品位为91.12%,铁回收率为86.36%,通过燃气熔分工艺获得的铁水TFe品位为94.93%,铁回收率为97.52%。转底炉直接还原-燃气熔分工艺能耗比转底炉直接还原-磨选工艺的高约30%。

Abstract: Taking a domestic copper slag as the subject, comparison between the rotary hearth furnace direct reduction process followed by a magnetic separation process and the same rotary hearth furnace direct reduction process followed by a gas smelting process, were investigated. Firstly, the optimum reaction parameters were determined by basic tests, based on which the pilot plant scale tests were conducted to reveal the direct reduction mechanism of the copper slag in the rotary hearth furnace direct reduction process. Finally, computation and comparison analysis of energy consumption of both processes were carried out. The results show that after direct reduction in the rotary hearth furnace, fayalite (Fe2SiO4) and magnetite (Fe3O4) in the copper slag are phased-changed into iron (Fe), quartz (SiO2) and trace amounts of augite (Ca(Fe,Mg)Si2O6) in the metallized pellets. The reduced iron grains aggregate and grow into iron chain crystals, which is the precondition for further iron enrichment either in the magnetic separation or smelting process. After the metallized pellets go through the magnetic separation process, iron powder with an iron content of 91.12% and an iron recovery rate of 86.36% is obtained, while hot metal with an iron content of 94.93% and an iron recovery rate of 97.52% is obtained after the metallized pellets go through the gas smelting process. Energy consumption per ton of product of the rotary hearth furnace direct reduction-gas smelting process is about 30% higher than that of the rotary hearth furnace direct reduction-magnetic separation process.

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