面向有效载荷质量的平流层飞艇设计参数优化

张礼学，王中伟，杨希祥

(国防科技大学 航天与材料工程学院，湖南 长沙，410073)

摘 要：最大有效载荷质量是衡量平流层飞艇设计方案优劣的重要指标，最大有效载荷质量与飞艇设计的许多因素相关联，为此建立平流层飞艇各性能指标估算模型，在此基础上，提出以飞艇最大有效载荷质量为优化目标，综合考虑浮重平衡、推阻平衡、能源平衡、材料强度等方面约束的平流层飞艇设计参数优化模型，并基于混沌粒子群算法进行实例计算。研究结果表明：设计平流层飞艇时以阻力最小、质量最轻等常见指标为优化目标不能反应飞艇适应任务的能力。此外，平流层飞艇的设计是一个各子系统紧密耦合、相互制约的求解过程，与基于经验值设计的参考方案相比，经过设计参数优化后的平流层飞艇最大有效载荷质量能增加50%。

关键词：平流层飞艇；性能指标；载荷质量；参数优化

Design parameters optimization for stratospheric airship payload mass

ZHANG Lixue, WANG Zhongwei, YANG Xixiang

(College of Aerospace and Material Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China)

Abstract:The maximal payload capacity is an important merit index for stratospheric airship conceptual designs, which is associates with a number of factors. Firstly, the performance estimation models for subsystems were provided. Based on these models, a maximal payload capacity optimization model with considering the buoyant weight balance, pushing resistance balance, energy balance, the material strength constraints etc was proposed. And an example calcultion was carried out based on chaotic particle swarm algorithm. The results show that: the goals such as minimum resistance or mass can’t be a good response to airships’ task. In addition, the design of stratospheric airship is a solution process with subsystems tightly coupled and mutual constrained. Through design parameters optimization with constraints such as resistance, buoyancy, energy, materials, etc are considered, the capability of airship payload increases by 50%.

Key words:stratospheric airship; performance indicators; payload mass; parameters optimization